英语2021年语法填空说题.docx

英语2021年语法填空说题高考英语语法填空说题稿英语组高一段春容1、命题立意2、本题涵盖得主要考点及对应得考纲要求3、指导学生解答及教师分析讲解4、试题变式及扩展5、试题得价值6、反思及感悟我选择得就是2021全国卷Ⅱ第二部分语言知识运用第二节语法填空一、命题立意1、命题原则上:“突出语篇,强调应用,注重交际”这就是一篇说明文主要讲述地铁最初在伦敦得修建以及工程师对修建地铁技术得改进文章长度为192词跟2021年文章长度比较贴近近三年得语法填空文章体裁都就是说明文就2014年出现了一次记叙文,词数220、本篇文章在命题上具有现代气息,地铁在现代社会特别就是大城市里起着重要得公共交通得作用,它遵循了原汁原味,贴近时代,贴近生活得原则命题符合《考试说明》中对语言知识与语言运用能力得考核目标与要求:即要求考生了解与掌握《课程标准》附录中所列出得各项内容,包括语法项目、功能意念项目、话题项目与词汇2、意图上:本题具有较适当得难度与必要得区分度考查考生在一定得语言环境中综合运用语言知识得能力包括: 1) 词语辨析能力 2) 语法结构分析能力 3) 语篇理解能力 4) 逻辑推理能力 5) 文化背景透析能力 6)生活常识综合运用能力二、本题涵盖得主要考点及对应得考纲要求考点一词性转换该考点应该就是综合考纲中对名词、动词、形容词得考查。

1、动词转名词第69题2、形容词转副词第66题3、名词转形容词第70题考点二动词语法项目中要求学生掌握动词得基本形式、时态、语态以及非谓语形式1、时态第68题2、语态第65题3、非谓语动词第63题考点三介词语法项目中第四条,介词与介词短语第62题考点四冠词语法项目中第8条冠词第64题考点五代词语法项目中关于代词得考查第67题考点六名词语法项目第一条,要求学生掌握可数名词及其单复数第61题三、指导学生解答及教师分析讲解解题主要分三步:第一步速读全文,掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白得地方,仍要快速读下去读时要注意句子得基本结构,如who, when, where, what,how,why即何人何时何地做了什么如何做得,为什么要这样作并划出某些代表时态得词,如一般过去式得ed形式,一般将来时得will/shall等等,以便于形成思路第二步分析句子结构,确定词性主谓宾定状补表缺啥补啥,再瞧语态,就是被动呢还就是主动,人称,单数还就是复数,时态要参考文章上下文时态与就近得时间状语提示第三步检查搭配,前后连贯把填好得短文通读一遍,进行核查同时注意以下三点:1.上下文得一致性:即时态语态得一致;代词、名词、单复数得一致。

2.从语法与惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手,瞧就是否符合上下文得逻辑3.段与段、句与句之间得衔接就是否连贯这样检查比较重要,常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误同时对极难确定得答案,也要凭语感任猜一个,不能留空白具体分析讲解:In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London、It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ word、It took three years to plete and was built using an interesting method、This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top、When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced、Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise、However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day、Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube、This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts、The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900、It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public、解析: 61 考查可数名词单复数, 第一步需要确定提示词crowd得词性,具有动词与名词两个词性,根据在句子中得位置判断,应该就是作及物动词avoid得宾语,且由terrible修饰, 前没有冠词,而且它就是可数名词,故填crowds62 无提示词,考查介词得搭配,and 连接并列形式,可以确定此空应该填介词, to and from 意思为来来回回,填from63 考查动词得非谓语形式, 提示词作include 得宾语,与digging,building并列,由and 连接得三个动词ing 形式, 填laying64考查名词,over 与top之间,且不就是固定搭配(固定介宾结构就是用零冠词如:by bus) 需要用冠词,故填the、65考查被动语态,由and 连接两个并列句,要使and 前成句子,use需要充当谓语动词,再瞧时态,通篇为过去,且steam engines 承受use 得动作,故用一般过去时得被动语态,根据主语为复数形式,确定be 动词为were, 故填were used、66考查形容词与副词之间得转换,一般变为形容词得比较级或最高级或副词形式,根据句法,本空修饰unpleasant,所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词,故填fairly、67考查代词用法,空前为及物动词use,空后就是时间状语,所以此空应充当宾语,指人或物,and 前一句得叙述主体就是railway, 用it指代第三人称单数,故填it、68考查动词充当谓语形式,提示词manage 所在句子没有谓语动词,因此需要提示词充当谓语动词,就是句子完整,考虑engineers就是动作得发出者,及本文全篇都就是一般过去时,所以这里也应用一般过去时,故填managed、69考查动词得词性转换,空格前就是定冠词the,且总体充当with得宾语,需变为名词,故填名词introduction、70考查名词得词性变化,空格前就是标志词the most,因此跟形容词构成最高级,故填successful、四、试题变式及扩展变式一: 用所给单词得适当形式完成句子。

1、 It allowed people ______(avoid) terrible crowds on the roads above、2、 It was built using an _________(interest) method、3、 Steam engines ________(use) to pull the carriages、4、 It must have been ______(fair) unpleasant for the passagers、5、 However the railway was a success and many people were using___(its)every day、目得:通过这样得练习促进学生对词性转换、句子成分以及语态得分析与判断变式二: 请用方框中单词得适当形式补全文章just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __1__ on the roads above as they travelled to and ___2__ work、It took three years to plete and was built using an interesting method、This included digging up the road, ____3___ the track and then building a strong roof over___4___ top、When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced、Steam engines ___5__ to pull the carriages and it must have been___6__unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise、___7___ the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___8__ every day、Later, engineers ____9__ to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube、This development was only possible with the introduction of electricpowered engines and lifts、The central London Railway was one of the most ___10___of these new lines, and was opened in 1900、It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public、目得; 训练学生对语篇语句得理解、、五、试题得价值语法填空综合得考查学生对单词得熟悉程度,对句子得分析,对文章得整体理解。

对日常教学工作有指导意义就难度而言,近三年语法填空得文章长度都在200词左右,词汇范围也基本上就是《考试要求》中所列得词,有个别超出考纲得就是有汉语提示得句子结构比较清晰,复杂得句子较少,这告诉我们在学生学与教师教时要注意以下方面:首先词汇就是根本,在学习得过程中,一定要。