好文档就是一把金锄头!
欢迎来到金锄头文库![会员中心]
电子文档交易市场
安卓APP | ios版本
电子文档交易市场
安卓APP | ios版本

英语形式主语.docx

8页
  • 卖家[上传人]:c**
  • 文档编号:290474690
  • 上传时间:2022-05-09
  • 文档格式:DOCX
  • 文档大小:19.95KB
  • / 8 举报 版权申诉 马上下载
  • 文本预览
  • 下载提示
  • 常见问题
    • 本文格式为Word版,下载可任意编辑英语形式主语 当代英语中,通常用it 做形式主语,将不定式和动名词置于谓语后面,更加是主语较长时,或在一些习惯用法中 1) 谓语是系表布局(be + 形容词 / 名词)时,常将不定式后置,构成句型 “it + be + 表语(形容词 / 名词)+ 不定式” 例 1 It is my duty to care for that patient. 照料那位病人是我的职责做主语的不定式to care for that patient 后置,it 为形式主语) 例 2 It is not an easy thing to master a foreign language. 掌管一门外语不是件轻易的事 例 3 It isn’t right to speak ill of someone behind his back. 在别人背后说坏话是不对的 2) 当谓语是 take,make,pay,cost ,require, feel,need 等动词时,或者是与心绪有关的动词 delight,amuse,excite,annoy,irritate 等时,习惯上常用 it 做形式主语,并将不定式后置。

      例 1 It takes only ten minutes to get there. 到那儿只需特别钟 例 2 It pays to be honest. 忠诚是不会吃亏的 例 3 It feels good to stay away from the crowded city. 能远离拥挤的城市,感觉真不错 例 4 It annoyed her to see someone spit on the ground. 望见有人随地吐痰让她很生气 3) 同不定式一样,动名词也可用于“it + be + 表语 + 动名词”句型中,二者的识别可参见10.2.2 中1)的论述下面两组句子没有多大差异 例 1 A) It is a waste of time to argue with him B) It is a waste of time arguing with him. 和他辩论是滥用时间 例 2 A) It is worthwhile to discuss this again. B) It is worthwhile discussing this again. 这一点值得在议论一下。

      4) 但表语是(of)no use,not any use,not the slightest use, no good, not much good,fun等时,常用动名词(不用不定式)做主语并后置,用 it 做形式主语 例如 It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 5) 动名词还可在 there be 句型中做主语(不能用不定式),常见形式为 “there is no + 动名词”或 “there is no / any + 名词 + 动名词” 例 1 There is no denying the fact. 事实无可否决 例 2 There isn’t any use trying again. 再试也没用 赞同9| 评论(1) 形式主语是动词不定式的一种,它也是规律主语, 可以把它归类到规律主语的第一种(不定式的规律主语) 用作宾语的不定式,用作目的状语,用作结果状语的不定式都是属于不定式的约莫念里面的. 形式主语it 作为形式主语的it并无实际语义,只是为得志语法上的需要,制止句子头重脚轻,它代替 的是句子的规律主语,概括起来会有如下处境: 1. 句子的规律主语为不定式 如:It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time. It is my pleasure to address the meeting. It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own. 2. 句子的规律主语为从句 如:It so happened that the tickets were sold out. It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity. It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden between the layers of the briefcase. 3. 句子的规律主语为动名词短语 这类句子远不如前面两种展现率高,主要在(no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous)等词语的后面用 如:It is no use reasoning with him. It is no good reading in dim light. 作形式主语的代词只能用it ,不能用that,this等词。

      例如: 1) It is easier to lose friends than to make friends. 交挚友难而失去挚友对比轻易 2) It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. 掌管至少两门外语对于当代年轻人来说是很重要的 以上两句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 3) It is considered no good reciting without understanding. 不理解的背诵被认为是没有好处的 4) It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 以上两句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是V-ing形式 5) It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所采纳,这是不争的事实。

      NMET,95) 6) It depends on the weather whether we will go. 我们去不去得看天气行事其中的whether 不能换成if,由于if不能引导主语从句) 以上两句中真正的主语是名词性从句 it 作形式主语主要用于以下三种处境: I. 不定式作真正主语 主要用于以下句型: 1. It + is/was + adj./n. (形容词或名词) +to do sth. A. 名词作表语主要有a pity, a pleasure, an idea等 例如: In fact________is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. ( 2022上海高考题) A. this B. that C. there D. it (答案为D) 再如: It is a great pleasure to do this. 这样做多好啊。

      It is a good idea to think this way. 这样考虑问题是个好手段 除be外,其他动词也有跟名词的处境例如: It seems a pity to waste the food. 滥用这些食物真怅然 It requires efforts to master a foreign language. 掌管一门外语需要种种努力 B. 形容词或形容词短语作表语 分两种处境: 1) 以下形容词: kind, good, nice, clever, wrong, right ,foolish, wise, unwise, stupid, rude, careless, cruel, brave, naughty, polite, selfish等词作表语时,不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的处境形容词表示不定式规律主语的特征,即形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品性等例如: It was foolish of you to leave school.你中途退学,真是傻瓜。

      It was brave of her to speak out in public. 她能当众大声讲话,真大胆 这种of sb. to do sth. 句型,of 的宾语可以作句子的主语上面两个句子可以改写为: You were foolish to leave school. She was brave to speak out in public. 2) 其他形容词作表语,常见的形容词有:necessary, hard, important, difficult, easy, possible,common等例如: It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes. 务必用短波收音机才能收到节目 假设要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加for + 名词或代词 + to do sth.(for 后的宾语不能作句子的主语)名词或代词作不定式的规律主语,即表示不定式所指动作的执行者在此句型中,形容词只对不定式行为者作某种描述,而不涉及其品性。

      例如: It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. 对于一个人来说做点好事并不难 It,s common for leaves to fall from the trees in the fall. 秋天树叶从树上落下是件常事 需要留神的是:动词不定式作主语,一般处境下用it作形式主语,而把动词不定式(从句)放在后面也可以直接用不定式作主语例如: It is wrong to tell lies. = To tell lies is wrong. 撒谎是不对的 但在疑问句和慨叹句中,只能用it作形式主语 例如: Isn,t it a good idea to have a walk around? 出去兜一圈莫非不是一个好方法。

      点击阅读更多内容
      关于金锄头网 - 版权申诉 - 免责声明 - 诚邀英才 - 联系我们
      手机版 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号 | 经营许可证(蜀ICP备13022795号)
      ©2008-2016 by Sichuan Goldhoe Inc. All Rights Reserved.