初中英语常用不规则动词分类表.doc
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初中英语常用不规则动词分类表 （人教版） 为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词，现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点，以帮助记忆 1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 a) pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 b) bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 c) sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 d) stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 e) win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 f) catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） （1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 （2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 （3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 （4）其他不规则动词的变化 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿 初中常用的有8种时态:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时和过去将来时,其他时态在初中少见 (一)一般现在时的定义:一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态． 一般现在时的构成:（这是一个简单的表格） 动词 肯定句 否定句 I am... I am not... be You/We/They are You/We/They are not He/She/It is He/She /It is not 一般现在时用行为动词的原形，主语是he,she,it这些第三人称单数时，动词要加s或es． （二）一般过去时的定义：一般过去时是表示过去经常或偶然发生的动作或存在的状态的时态． 一般过去时的构成： 动词 肯定句 否定句 I was... I was not... be He/She/It was... He/She/It was not... We/You/They were... We/You/They were not... 一般过去时用动词的过去式动词的过去式一般都加ed，如work worked．结尾是e的只加d，如like liked.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写这个字母再加ed,如stop stopped，以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i再加ed,如study studied．另外还有一些不规则的变化，课本后边的单词表上有注释． （三）一般将来时的定义：一般将来时是表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态的时态． 一般将来时的构成: 人称 肯定句 否定句 一 I/We will go. I/We will not go. 二 You will go. You will not go. 三 He/She/It/They will go.He/She/They will not go 一般将来时由助动词（will,shall）＋动词原形构成,shall主要用于以第一人称(I,We)为主语的疑问句中． （四）现在进行时的定义：现在进行时是表示在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作的时态． 现在进行时的构成： 现在进行时由系动词（am,is,are）＋现在分词（动词加ing形式）构成． 如I am working.Am I working?I am not working. （五）过去进行时的定义：过去进行时是表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作时态． 过去进行时的构成： 过去进行时是由系动词的过去式（was were）＋现在分词（动词加ing）构成的． 如I was talking,Was I talking?I was not talking. (六）现在完成时的定义：现在完成时是表示在过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态的时态． 现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时是由助动词have,has＋过去分词构成的,过去分词的变化方法和上述的过去式的方法一样，在此不做详细解释．过去分词也有不规则的． 如You have talked.Have you talked? (七）过去完成时的定义：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态． 过去完成时的构成： 过去完成时由助动词had（无人称和数的变化）＋过去分词构成，其否定句式和疑问句式在结构上与现在完成时一样． 如They /he had read it.Had they/he read it? （八）过去将来时的定义：过去将来时表示从过去的观点看将来发生的动作或存在的状态． 过去将来是的构成： 过去将来时由助动词would＋动词原形构成. 如He said he would come. 单项填空： 1. The students were reading when Mr. Wang went to get the book he ________ in the classroom. A. leave B. left C. has left D. had left2. My mother ________ me a pair of new sports shoes yesterday after I ________ them on and they fit me well. A. bought; have tried B. has bought; has tried C. has bought; had tried D. bought; had tried 3. His brother _____ the army by the end of 1986. He __ _ in the army since then. A. joined; is B. has joined; has been C. had joined; is D. had joined; has been 4. By the time he ________ back from America he ________about ten novels. A. came; has written B. came; had written C. comes; have written D. had come; written 5. Jane ________ over five lessons by seven o'clock. Then she ________ a rest. A. goes; took B. went; had taken C. had gone; took D. had gone; had 。
