2022年中考英语复习情态动词的用法及练习.pdf

情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气或态度它有一定的词义，但没有人称和数的变化且其后必须接动词原形，一起构成句子的谓语1.常见情态动词的基本词义与否定式一览表：情态动词基本词义否定式说 明can能，能够；会can not/cannot/cant1.have to 和一般现在时中的行为动词一样，有人称和数的变化2.used t o 常用来表示现在已不复存在的过去的习惯其疑问式和否定式有两种形式3.should 和 ought to 可以通用4.dare和 need用作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句及条件状语从句或表示疑问的从句中；它们用作行为动词时，可以用于各种句式中5.hadbetter多用于表示劝告或建议的句子中6.would rather也常用作情态动词，意 为“宁愿”，常用结构：would rather do thando/would do rather than docould能，能够；会could not/couldntmay可以；或许may not/mayntmight可以；或许might not/mightntshall好吗？shall not/shantshould应该；竟然should not/shouldntwill愿意；会will not/wontwould愿意；会would not/wouldntdare敢，胆敢dare not/darentneed必须；需要need not/needntmust必须must not/mustnthave to不得不；必须do not have to/dont have tohad better最好had better notought to应该ought not to/oughtnt toused to过去常常used not to/usednt todid not use to/didnt use to2.情 态动词的句式变化跟be动词的句式变化相同。

Eg:He can swim.玲 He cant swim.今Can he swim?Yes,he can./No,he cant)What can he do?3.情态动词的特殊回答（多为否定情况）：在回答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用 must；否定回答用 neednt 或 dont have to（不必）E g:-Must I come to the meeting?No,you neednt./No,you dont have to.在回答may开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用 may；否定回答用 mustnt（表示禁止，不允许）E g:-May I pick a flower in the garden?-No,you mustn9t.在回答need开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needntoEg:-Need we stay behind after school?-Yes,you m ust.在回答 could,can,may,might,will,would开头的表示请求或征求对方意见的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用can,may 等；否定回答常用 cant。

E g:-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes,of courseyou can./-Will you stay for lunch?-Sorry,I cant,my brother is coming to see me.s h a ll用于疑问句中（主语为第一人称或第三人称）征求对方意见时，其否定回答用neednt表示委婉拒绝（不必）；用 cant表示反对；用 mustrTt表示禁止，不允许；用 had betternot 表示建议E g:-Shall he skate on the ice?-No,he mustnt./-Shall I tellJohn about the news?-No,you neednt,I have told him already.4.情态动词的时态：情态动词只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态其中，can,m ay和will的过去式分别为could,m ight和 would但在表示请求或征求对方意见的一般疑问句中，could,m ight和 would不表过去，而是使语气更加委婉此外，used to 只有一般过去时。

5.情态动词的推测性用法：must用于肯定句中，意 为“必定是，一定是；ought t o 和should也用于肯定句中，但可能性比must小，意 为“估计是，理应是，想必是二试比较：That man must be Mr.B la c k.(肯定)/That man ought to(should)be Mr.B la c k.(不能肯定)can/could用于否定句和疑问句中，意 为“不可能”或“可能吗？二 此时，could表可能性更小Eg:This cant/couldnt be true.may/might用于肯定句和否定句中,意为“或许(不)，可 能(不)此 时,might表可能性更小Eg:They may go fishing tomorrow.试比较：-Who breaks the window?-Can it be Li L ei?-It cant be Li Lei.-It must be Li L ei.-It ought to(should)be Li L ei.-It may be Li Lei.6.m ust与 have to：在肯定句中，m ust表示主观看法或要求，通常意为“必须；haveto 强调客观需要，通常意为“不得不。

Eg:I must go home now./1 have to go home now.在否定句中，m ustnt表示禁止，不允许；not have to表示委婉拒绝(不必)，相当于neednt且常用于对must的否定回答中/may n o t与 can t may n o t指“可能不；而 carTt指“不可 能 试 比 较：He may not be in the classroom./He carft be in the classroom./may be 与maybe：两者含义相同但 may b e是动词，在句中作谓语；maybe是语气副词，在句中作状语且常位于句首Maybe he l come,maybe he w o n t他可能来，也可能不来E x ll.给下列各题选择一个正确答案1)-Lets go to the cinema,shall w e?-.A.No,I cant B.Yes,I will C.Yes,thank you D.No,we had better not(2)There some flowers in the garden.A.were used to be B.used to be C.uses to be D.used to be having(3)-I take it out?-Im sorry,you.A.Could;couldnt B.Might;might not C.Could;can D.May;cant(4)-Need we do this job now?-Yes,.A.you need B.you should C.you must D.you can(5)-Is John coming by tra in?-He should,but he not.He likes driving his car.A.must B.can C.need D.may(6)Peter come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.A.must B.can C.may D.will(7)Michael be a policeman,for hes much too short.A.neednt B.cant C.shouldnt D.wont(8)Come on!We hurry because there isnt much time left.A.may B.must C.can D.need(9)-Must I stay at home,M u m?-No,you.A.neednt B.mustnt C.dont D.may not(10)-Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?-Sorry,I cant.I take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.A.can B.may C.would D.have to(ID Its still early.You.A.mustnt hurry B.wouldnt hurry C.may not hurry D.dont have to hurry-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It true because there was little snow there.A.may not be B.wont be C.couldnt be D.mustnt be(13)-I dont mind telling you what I know.-You.Tm not asking you for it.A.mustnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt(1 4)I you because I thought I must be wrong.A.dare not ask B.dare not to ask C.dare not asking D.dare to not ask(15)-Might I watch TV after supper?-Yes,you.A.could B.must C.might D.can(16)-Are you coming to Johns party?-Im not sure.I go to the concert tonight.A.must B.would C.should D.might(17)You return the book now.You can keep it till next week if you like.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.may not(18)-Isnt that Anns uncle over there?-No,it be him.Tm sure he doesnt wear glasses.A.cant B.must not C.wont D.may not(1 9)Tom,you leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A.wouldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.may not(20)-Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.-S h e.I v e already borrowed one.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednl D.shouldntEx 12.从括号内选择适当的情态动词完成句子。

1)Please be quiet!I(can/may/must)not hear him clearly.(2)(Must/Can/May)I take some m edicine?-No,you(may not/neednt).(3)(Can/May/Must)you be here before nine oclock tomorrow morning?-I am afraid not.(4)I don?t think it(can/must/may)ra。