（新课标）天津市高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 单项填空 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气课件.pptx

专题七情态动词和虚拟语气专题七情态动词和虚拟语气1-2-考情概览1.考查情态动词的基本意义和用法,特别是can,may,must,need,shall,should,will,would等要求把握情态动词的语法特征和语意特征,区别意义相近、用法类似的情态动词2.考查情态动词表示推测、允诺、请求、判断的用法,尤其是can,could,may,might,must表示推测的用法要求准确把握说话者的语气,深刻体会说话者的情感态度,结合情景做出合理的选择3.考查“情态动词+have done”结构的用法要求掌握该结构中不同的情态动词所表达的特殊意义4.考查虚拟语气在条件句中的用法要求掌握与现在、过去、将来三个不同时间的事实相反的虚拟语气,以及省略if的虚拟倒装句2-3-5.考查虚拟语气在隐含的虚拟条件和错综时间条件句中的用法要求识别由一些介词或连词提供的虚拟条件,明确主句和条件状语从句谓语所发生的不同时间6.考查虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法,注意在这些固定句型中谓语所使用的形式3-4-考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点八考点九can/could与be able to1.can/could用来表示“一般能力”;be able to有多种时态,且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”。

如:My grandma is over seventy,but she can still read without glasses.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2.表示允许可用can或could,与may/might意义接近could可用于一般现在时,只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用couldCould I have the television on?Yes,you can./No,you cant.4-5-考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点八考点九【典例分析】 (2017北京卷,21)Samuel,the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.must B.shouldC.canD.need答案为C项句意:塞缪尔是我们班最高的男生,他很轻松就能够到书架顶层上的书表示能力,用can“能够”must“必须”;should“应该”;need“必须”5-6-考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点八考点九(2016天津卷,5)It was really annoying;I get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldntB.couldntC.shouldntD.neednt答案为B项。

句意:这真让人恼火我不能进入你推荐的资料库wouldnt“不愿意”;couldnt“不能”;shouldnt“不应该”;neednt “没必要”由第一句“这真让人恼火”可知,couldnt为最佳答案,即“我不能进入你推荐的资料库”是“这真让人恼火”的原因6-7-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九may与might1.表示允许,意为“可以,许可”,用法基本上同can与could如:May I use your bicycle?2.表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”如:According to the weather forecast,it may rain tomorrow.7-8-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九【典例分析】 You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.shouldB.needC.shallD.may答案为D项should“应该”,表示责任、义务或按照事理常规做推断,还可以表示“万一,竟然”;need“需要”;shall“会,应该”,表示允诺、命令、警告、决心以及法律规章的规定;may“也许,可能”。

从句子后半部分的“but Im a hundred percent sure .”可以看出,句子前半部分是说话人对“you”的心理推测,存在不确定性,故用may,所以D项正确句意:你可能觉得所有这些训练是在浪费时间,但我百分之百地确信,你以后会庆幸你做了(这些训练)8-9-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九must与have to1.must用来表示说话人的主观看法;have to表示客观的需要,强调外界压力,不得已而为之如:He said that they must work hard.(主观上要做这件事) My brother was ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.(客观上需要做这件事)2.表示“不必”,须用dont have to或needntmustnt表示“禁止,绝对不可”如:You dont have to tell him about it.You mustnt tell him about it.Must we do it now?No,you neednt.9-10-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九【典例分析】 (2017天津卷,2)My room is a mess,but I _ clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A.darentB.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt答案为C项。

句意:我的房间乱得一团糟,但是今晚出门前我不必打扫我可以早上打扫根据后一句“我可以早上打扫”可知,此处应用neednt表示“不必做某事”故选C项2016北京卷,31)I love the weekend,because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.needntB.mustntC.wouldntD.shouldnt答案为A项句意:我之所以喜欢周末是因为我在周六、周日不必早起neednt “不必”;mustnt “禁止”;wouldnt “不会”; shouldnt “不应该”由句意可知,A项正确10-11-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九shall,should与ought to1.shall常用以表示下面三个方面的意思:(1)用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,用来征求对方的意见或请求指示如:What shall he do next?(2)用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令、警告、允诺、威胁、强制”等意思如:He shall stay in bed.You shall have it back next week.He says he wont go,but I say he shall.(3)用于表示法律法规及规章制度所做出的规定。

如:In our mall all payments shall be made in cash.11-12-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九2.should表示“建议”或“劝告”,有“应该”之意如:You should learn from each other.3.ought to表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事如:Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.4.should和ought to也可用来表示推测,意为“想必会”如:When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.They should be ready by 12:00.12-13-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九【典例分析】 One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.A.mightB.couldC.shallD.will答案为C项考查情态动词。

句意:我们有一项规定,每位学生在校期间都要穿校服此处shall表示按照法律、条文、规定必须要做的事情其他选择项均无此用法13-14-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九will与would1.will 用于各种人称,表示意志、意愿或决心等如:If you will keep your watch half an hour slow,it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments.2.will表示习惯性的动作,意为“总是,惯于”如:An Englishman will usually show you the way in the street.3.would可表示过去反复发生的动作如:On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing.14-15-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九【典例分析】 I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.should答案为C项。

考查情态动词句意:我仍然记得我的快乐童年,那时妈妈经常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园might“可能,也许”;must“必须”;would“过去常常”;should“应该”The door open,no matter how hard she pushed.A.shouldnt B.couldntC.wouldnt D.mightnt答案为C项考查情态动词句意:无论她怎么用力推,这扇门就是打不开表示特定情况下事物的倾向性用will/wouldwouldnt open “打不开”shouldnt “不应该”;couldnt “不能够”;mightnt “可能不,或许不”15-16-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九情态动词表示推测1.肯定句中用must(一定,很可能),may(可能),might/could(也许,或许)表示推测表示对当前行为、情况或状态的推测,用must/may/might/could+do/be句型;表示对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测,用must/may/might/could+be doing句型;表示对过去发生的事情的推测,用must/may/might/could+have done/been句型。

如:I always meet him in the street.He must/may/might/could live quite near here.There is still light in his room.He must/may/might/could be studying at this time.I didnt hear the phone.I must have been asleep.16-17-考点一考点二考点三考点五考点六考点七考点八考点四考点九2.否定句中用can/could或may/might表示推测如:Though he is busy,he cant/may not refuse your invitation because you are good 。