人教版英语八年级下册第一单元知识点.docx

精选文档人教版英语八年级下册第一单元知识点Unit1What’sthematter?【单词】matter/'m?t?/n.问题;事情What’sthematter（withsb.）?怎么啦？出什么事情了？有什么病或碰到什么麻、sore/s?:/adj.痛苦的,酸痛的；愤怒的--haveasoreback后背痛--sorethroat咽喉痛n.溃疡，痛点；恨事pressuresore褥，sorespot疤，痛；心事，旧疤stomachache['st?m?ke?k]n.胃痛;腹痛stomach/'st?m?k/n.胃;腹部foot/f?t/n.脚;足pl.feetonfoot步行；内行中--atthefootof在⋯（山）脚下；在⋯的下部neck/nek/n.颈;脖子--necklace--necktie--neckandneck(withsb.)(与⋯)并，不分上下throat/θr?咽喉;喉咙t/n.fever/'fi:v?/n.发热haveafeverlie/la?/--vi.躺,平躺；位于，存在liedown躺下--vi.谎言，作为不及物动词的变化：p.pr--lying，pt--lied，pp—lied--vt.下蛋；搁置e.g.,Thehenstoppedlayingeggs.Shelaidthebabydowngentlyonthebed.作为及物动词是的变化：p.pr--laying，pt--lay，pp—lainrestv.&n.放松;歇息coughn.&v.咳嗽X-rayn.X射线;X光toothache?牙痛/'tu:θek/n.temperature温度，体温takeone'stemperature量体温headache/'hede?k/n.头痛break?k/n.间歇;歇息takebreaks(takeabreak)歇息/bre-- vt.pt--broke，pp—brokenbreakaway(from)离开，放弃（），打破（套）breakdown(机器等)坏了；(划等)失；(健康等)坏；感情失掉控制breakin插嘴，使服breakinto破而入，忽然。

起来breakoff折断，忽然停止，排除（婚）breakout（争，火灾，疾病）忽然生，爆hurt/h?:t/v.（使）痛苦;（使）受伤passenger/'p?s?nd??/n.乘客;游客offadv.&prep.走开（某处）;不工作onto/'?nt?/prep.向;朝p.pr--hurting，pt--hurt，pp—hurt;从......去掉getoff下车enough[?'n?f]adj.adv.足够的/地，充足的/地--用作adj.，修名，可前可后enoughwater--用作adv.，修形容或副，要后置oldenough--enough+forsb./sth+todosth.足⋯，能做⋯trouble?问题;烦恼pl.troubles/'trbl/n.--introuble在禁中；于不幸中；困中--getintotrouble使自己或别人堕入困之境--havetrouble(with⋯/doing在sth...)有困hit/h?t/v.(hit)（用手或用具）击;打p.pr--hitting，pt--hit，pp—hitherself?pron.(she的反身代词)她自己/h:'self/ourselves/'a??'selvz/pron.(we的反身代词)我们自己bandage/'b?nd?d?/n.绷带v.用绷带包扎sick/s?k/adj.患病的;有病的knee/ni:/n.膝;膝盖nosebleed/'no?zbli:d/n.鼻出血bleed[blid]vt.使出血；榨取vi.流血；溢出；沉痛p.pr--bleeding，pt--bled[bl?d]，pp—bledbledadj.流血的；breathe/bri:e/v.呼吸p.pr--breathing，pt--breathed，pp—breathedbreath呼吸，气味[br?θ]n.-- deepbreath深呼吸takeadeepbreath深呼吸outofbreath喘不气来，上气不接下气sunburnedadj.晒伤的climber['kla?m?]n.登山者;登攀者riskn.&v.危险;风险;冒险--takerisks(takearisk)accident/'?ks?d?nt/n.（交通）事故;不测遭受冒险trafficaccident交通事故--caraccident；交通事故byaccident有时；不测处situation/'s?tj?'e???n/n.状况;状况kilo(=kilogram)n.千克;公斤kg千克km=kilometer千米rock/r?k/n.岩石knife/na?f/n.刀pl.knivesblood/bl?d/n.血mean/mi:n/v.(meant)意思是;打算;意欲p.pr--meaning，pt--meant，pp—meantimportance/?m'p?:t?ns/n.重要性;重要decision/d?'s???n/n.决定;决断controlv.限制;拘束;管理;控制beincontrolof掌管;管理p.pr--controlling，pt--controlled，pp--controlledadvice[?d?va?s]不行数名词.givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；takesb’sadvice接受某人的建议advise[?d'va?z]v.--advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事,此动词不定式作宾语补足语。

advisedoingsth建议做某事相像用法的动词：allow(赞同)，permit(赞同)，forbid(严禁)等allowdoingsth赞同做某事，allowsbtodosth赞同某人做某事；permitdoingsth赞同做某事，permitsbtodosth赞同某人做某事；forbiddoingsth严禁做某事，forbidsbtodosth严禁某人做某事eg.Wedon’tallowsmokinginthelab.我们严禁在实验室吸烟Wedon’tallowpeopletosmokeinthelab.我们严禁人们在实验室吸烟Peoplearenotallowedtosmokeinthelab.人们严禁在实验室吸烟spirit/'sp?r?t/n.勇气;意志;精神;酒精death/deθ/n.死;死亡nurse/n?:s/n.护士Judy/'d?u:d?/朱迪（女名）Nancy/'n?ns?/南希（女名）Mandy/'m?nde/曼迪（女名）Aron/'e?r?n/阿伦·罗尔斯顿Utah/'ju:tɑ犹:/他州（美国）【动词短语】haveasoreback后背痛haveastomachache胃痛、肚子痛haveaverysorethroat喉咙特别痛haveafever发高烧feelveryhot感觉很热have/catchacold受凉;感冒haveacough咳嗽haveatoothache牙疼talktoomuch说得太多drinkenoughwater喝足够的水cutmyself划伤自己hurtoneself伤着自己haveanosebleed流鼻血havearest/takebreaks/takeabreak歇息一下asickman一个患病的人feelsick感觉恶心haveaheartproblem存芥蒂onthesideoftheroad在路,在公路的一goalong沿着⋯⋯走becauseof因为getoutof走开;从⋯⋯出来mountainclimbing登山运inadifficultsituation在困境中savealife,saveone’slife拯救生命shoutforhelp大声求救seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙医seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看医生drinkenoughwater喝足的水liedownandrest躺下来歇息runitunderwater在水下冲，用水冲getoff下getonthebus上公交catchthebus赶公交getoutof从⋯出来getover(战胜)geton/alongwellwithsb.和某人相处得好，getback取回hotteawithhoney蜂蜜的茶getanX-ray拍X光putsomemedicineonit敷一些putabandageonsth.用包扎takebreaksawayfrom离⋯⋯歇息withoutmoving没有移inthesameway以同的方式runoutof用完sth.runout.某物用尽了。

sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物eg.Hiswaterrunout.Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.beinterestedin=have/takeaninterestin⋯⋯感趣placesofinterest名胜lostinterestin失掉兴趣inaverydangeroussituation于特别危的境地takearisk=takerisks冒risk(sb.)todosth.冒去做某事makedecisions做决定= makeadecisionmakeupone’sminddecidetodosthAbeincontrolofBA管理或控制BAbeinthecontrolofBA在B的控制之中或许A受制于Bbeoutofcontrol没法控制，没法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之下giveup放弃giveup(doing)sth.=stopdoingsth放弃（做）某事，eg.giveup(playing)computergames；givein折服giveout分thinkabout考thinkaboutsavingalife考拯救生命rightaway马上、上atonce,rightnowonfoot步行theimportanceofkeepondoingsth⋯的.重⋯要.性向来持做⋯..持做某事keepsth+adj保持某物某种状cutoff切断cutup切碎cutdown砍倒beusedtosth.于、适⋯状；be/getusedtodoingsth.于、适⋯becomeusedtosth./doingsth.得，逐适⋯程：Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisno。