高三总复习之高考语法专题讲解（全国通用）2高考语法讲解之被动语态Word版.doc
8页高三总复习之高考语法专题讲解（全国通用）第二讲 被 动 语 态适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）2 课时/120 分钟知识点被动语态在常考时态中的运用教学目标知识：掌握常考动词时态的被动语态方法：掌握常考动词时态的被动语态的基本结构，根据语境正确的运用时态及语态能力：能根据语境的需求灵活运用动词的时态及语态教学重点被动语态在一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时等时态中的运用教学难点被动语态的灵活运用教学过程一、课堂导入让学生尝试用中文说出下列句子的被动语态，让学生直观地感受什么是被动语态 1.我们每年种很多的树2.去年他们建了一座桥3.他们明年将要建一所学校4.她正在打扫教室5.妈妈还没有完成家务二、复习预习1. 在上课前，帮助学生复习上节课所学内容：动词的时态2. 上节课课后作业检查和订正（1）订正习题答案（2）讨论错题并总结错误原因三、知识讲解知识点 1：被动语态的概念及基本结构【考查点 1】被动语态的概念：英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的 执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) 他们将在这条河上建一座新桥。
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 一座新桥将被(他们)建在这条河上考查点 2】被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词如：Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. 棉花每年被农民们种植 知识点 2：各种时态的被动语态形式【考查点 1】一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + done（done 为动词的过去分词） 如：Rice is grown in the south of the country. 大米在这个国家的南方被种植Class meeting is held every Thursday. 班会在每周四被举行考查点 2】一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + done如：The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了The book was written by my father． 这本书是我父亲写的【考查点 3】一般（过去）将来时的被动语态：will（would）be + done如：A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助考查点 4】现在（过去）进行时的被动语态：am/is/are(was/were) being + done如：The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理 The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车考查点 5】现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been + done如：Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
考查点 6】过去完成时的被动语态：had been + done如：They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了考查点 7】将来完成时的被动语态：will have been + done如：My homework will have been finished when you arrive tomorrow.明天你到的时候，我的作业会已经做完了The book will have been published by the end of the next month.到下个月末，这本书就已经出版了 知识点 3：被动语态的特殊结构形式【考查点 1】含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋过去分词如：Your compositions must be handed in after class. 放学后你的作文必修被交上来。
A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.很多信可以由他在电脑上写考查点 2】在使役动词have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后 面不 定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但为为被动结构时，要加 to如：We often hear him sing in the next room. 我们经常听见他在隔壁唱歌He is often heard to sing in the next room. 他经常被我们听见在隔壁唱歌The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. 老板让工人们一天工作 12 小时The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.工人们被老板要求一天工作 12 小时考查点 3】一些动词表示性质的如：sell, wash, write, last, cook… 一般用作不及物动词其后通常 加副词 well, badly, easily, smoothly 等；如：The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写字很流畅考查点 4】It is said that+从句及其他类似句型；一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that 从句”或“主 语＋be＋过 去分词＋to do sth.”有： It is said that… 据说 It is reported that…据报道It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望It is well known that…众所周知 It is thought that…大家认为It is suggested that…据建议如：It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 据报道明天要下雨It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp. 众所周知，爱迪生发明了电灯。
【考查点 5】表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义如：The war take place in 1994. 战争发生在 1994 年What happened to you? 你发生了什么事情As long as you work hard, your dream will come true. 只要你努力，你的梦想就会实现 四、例题精析【例题 1】In some parts of the world, tea__________with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served【答案】B【解析】因为 serve 是及物动词，其动作承受者 tea 作主语，表示经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态例题 2】This is Ted’s phone. We miss him a lot. He__________trying to save a child in the earthquake.A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing【答案】C【解析】Ted 是 kill 的承受者，用被动语态，且 Ted 救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
例题 3】If your order is ready，the T-shirt__________to you as soon as possible.A. has delivered B. is delivered C. will deliver D. will be delivered【答案】D【解析】主语是 T-shirt 谓语动词，deliver 应用被动，表示T-shirt 被送，排除A、C 两项根据语境，如果你定了货，T-shirt 将会随时被送货故选D 项例题 4】—Why don't we choose that road to save time? —The bridge to it__________.A. has repaired B. is repaire C. is being repaired D. will be repaired【答案】C【解析】句意：—为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时间呢？—因为去那条路的桥正在修理中题目 考查了现在进行时的被动语态作谓语桥与修理存在被动关系，而且根据句子语境要求采 用进行时态 五、课堂运用【基础】1、—Did you enjoy the party? —Yes. We__________well by our hosts.A. were treated B. would be treated C. treated D. had treated【答案】A【解析】本题考查时态和语态。
句意为： －你们聚会玩的开心吗？ －是的，主人招待得 。
