英语直接引语变间接引语要点.doc

  直接引语 间接引语           例句  一般现在时 一般过去时He said, “I am a student.”He said that he was a student. 一般过去时过去完成时He said, “ I was a teacher.”He said that he had been a teacher. 现在进行时 过去进行时He said,“I am playing basketball.”He said that he was playing basketball. 现在完成时过去完成时He said, “I have learnt English for 6 years”He said that he had learnt English for 6 years. 过去完成时 过去完成时He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 一、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

但要注意在以下几种情况下在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化①直接引语是客观真理"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变如：Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?“→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变如：Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变如：He said, "I get up at six every morning →He said he gets up at six every morning⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变如：Peter said. "You had better come have today" →Peter said I had better go there that day如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.指示代词this……that these……those 表示时间的词now……then today……that daythis week(month ,etc)……that week (month ,etc) yesterday……the day before last week(month ,etc)……the week(month ,etc) before three days (a year ,etc) ago……three days (a year. etc) before tomorrow……the next (following ) day next week (month ,etc)……the next (following ) week (month ,etc) 表地点的词 here……there 动词bring……take come……go如何变句型：①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim."You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?“ →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?“→ She asked me when they had their dinner.④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如："Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.。