高中英语Module语法教学案新人教必修4.doc

必修四 Module 1-3语法一：祈使句1、概述祈使句(imperative sentence)表命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形主语you通常省略，句末用叹号或句号Knock at the door before entering, please.进来时请敲门！（建议）Look out! There is a train coming.注意！火车来了！（提醒）Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking. 请穿结实的鞋子，因为我们要走许多的路叮嘱））Leave her where she is ! 让她留在原地！（命令）Give blood if you can and many lives will be saved.如果你能，来献血吧，这会挽救很多人的生命号召）2、祈使句的另外表达方式（1）“No＋名词或动名词” 表示祈使句“No＋名词或动名词”结构表示禁止的祈使，一般用于指示、标牌、布告等No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No spitting!不准随地吐痰！No litter! 不准乱扔果皮纸屑！ No admittance except on business!非公莫入！（2）“be＋ V-ed”结构表示祈使句 Be guided by reason!理智些！ Be seated! 请坐！ Be persuaded by your father! 听你父亲的话！ Be gone! 滚！（3）“be+ V-ing” 结构表示祈使句Don’t be looking out of the window! 勿将头伸出窗外！Do be doing your homework when I come in.我进来时，你一定在做作业吧！（4）let祈使句① Let’s祈使句let’s引导的祈使句，包括听话者本人在内，表示建议，反意问句用shall we。

Let’s begin, shall we? 我们开始好吗？Let’s go home.我们回家吧！② Let me (us, him, her, it, them) 祈使句该结构引导的祈使句表示请求对方允许自己干某事，不包括对方（you）在内Let all the children be well educated! 让所有的孩子都得到良好的教育Let him go where he might, I don’t care.他想上那就让他去，我不管！③ let祈使句否定let 祈使句的否定可以为let’s not/ let me (us) not或Don’t let’s/ let me (us) 但let him等第三人称否定式为Don’t let him其他人称亦可用Don’t letDon’t let her disturb you！别让她妨碍我！Let’s not be in such a hurry! 让我们别这样急！④ let祈使句强调 let祈使句强调的强调式为Do let’s或Do let usDo let her go! 一定让她走！ Do let’s go climbing.我们一定去爬山！（5）“why not＋动词原形”等结构表示祈使概念 “why not＋动词原形”；“why ＋动词原形” “you’d better/ best+do sth.”等结构可以表示祈使概念，用来表达方式，提出委婉建议，指责，反问等。

I usually go there by train.我通常坐火车去？-Why not try going by boat for a change? 怎么不坐船换换口味You’d better go to school early tomorrow. 明天你最好早点去上学Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Susan,去和你姐姐扫院子Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing. 为什么叫我去？John坐在那闲着3、祈使句的主语祈使句的主语多为不言而喻的you,一般不出现但若是要强调主语；或表示急躁、厌烦、不高兴、愤怒等感情色彩；表示向谁请求或发出命令，祈使句可有主语① 当说话人强调主语或上级对下级，长者对年青人或小孩讲话时Alice, you feed the bird today, will you? 爱丽丝，你去喂鸟好吗？-Yes. But I fed it yesterday.好，但我昨天喂了② 当说话人有急躁、厌烦、不高兴、愤怒等感情色彩You mind your own business, and leave this to me.你别管闭事，把此事留给我好了。

③ 当说话人必须指明不同的事要求不同的人去做时You go over there and sit next to Tom，while he and I stay here.你到那里坐在汤姆旁边，我和他留在这里4、祈使句的否定祈使句的否定结构一般是在谓语动词前加do not或用dont（口语中），有时也可用never，若祈使句有主语，否定词用don’t或never要置于主语之前，不可用do not—Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to…对不起，Joe我不是故意要…… —Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and don’t you forget it! 不要叫我Joe我是Parker先生，不要忘了 Never be late again.别再迟到了5、肯定祈使句的强调肯定祈使句可用助动词do加强语气，常译为“务必、一定要”Do save me! 天那！（救救我吧）Do be careful when crossing the street.过马路时务必小心Do give my regards to your parents.请务必代我向你的父母问好。

6、“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构（1）祈使句+ and(then，and then)+陈述句Come early and you’ll catch the first bus. 来早点，你就能赶上第一班汽车Use your head then you’ll find a way.开动脑筋，那么你就会找到办法2）祈使句+（or，or else，otherwise）+陈述句Work hard otherwise，you’ll fail. 努力干，要不，你会失败的Use your head or else you won’t find a way. 开动脑筋，否则，你就找不到办法7、祈使句的简略答语形式祈使句的简略答语，肯定或否定形式常用will或won’tWrite to me when you get home.到家时给我打！- I will. 我会的Don’t forget to close the window.别忘了关窗No, I won’t.不会忘巩固练习：1. Stand over there ___ you’ll be able to see it better. A. or B. while C. but D. and 2. I’ve never seen anyone run so fast ---- ______ David go. A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched3. Let us pass, _______? A. shan’t we B. shall we C. won’t we D. will you 4.Letsgoandhelphim.___?A.willyou B.shallwe C.dontyou D.dontwe5. Be sure to write to us, _____?A. will you B. aren’t you C. can you D. mustn’t you6. Don’t smoke in the meeting-room, _____?A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you 7. --- Alice, you feed the bird today, _____? --- But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you C. didn’t you D. don’t you 语法二：连词＋省略结构 Eg: Although _____ my opinion，the old professor didn’t come up with his own.A. against B. on C. for D. in一、连词＋介词While ___________________________________，Delia wrote a novel. 上大学时，迪莉娅写了一部小说。

Once _______________________________________，he forgot about all this. 一进考场，这一切他都忘了While ____________________________________________，he studied the English labour movement. 在伦敦时他研究了英国的工人运动二、连词＋形容词If ____________________________, let me know beforehand. 如果有必要，可在事前通知我Though_________________________________, he stayed up late. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍很晚才睡Whenever ____________________________, the children play outside. 每当有可能，孩子们总在外边玩耍三、连词＋现在分词He tends to get carried away when _______________________________________________. 他一看电视中的摔跤节目就很兴奋。

四、连词＋过去分词He will come if ____________________________. 他如被邀就会来When ____________________________，she confirmed that she was going to retire. 有人问她时，她肯定了她将要退休When ______________________ according to the instructions，th。