历年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.pdf

1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题11986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section III Reading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions.For each question there are four answers.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Put your choice in thebrackets on the left.(10 points)Text 1There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization.You find thesecareers in engineering,in production,in statistical work,and in teaching.But there is an increasingdemand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance,people who perhaps do not know toomuch about any one field.There is,in other words,a demand fbr people who are capable of seeing theforest rather than the trees,of making general judgments.We can call these people“generalists.Andthese“generalists“are particularly needed fbr positions in administration,where it is their job to see thatother people do the work,where they have to plan fbr other people,to organize other peoples work,tobegin it and judge it.The specialist understands one field;his concern is with technique and tools.He is a“trained man;and his educational background is properly technical or professional.The generalist and especially theadministrator-deals with people;his concern is with leadership,with planning,and with directiongiving.He is an“educated”man and the humanities are his strongest foundation.Very rarely is aspecialist capable ofiieing an administrator.And very rarely is a good generalist also good specialist inparticular field.Any organization needs both kinds of people,hdugh different organizations need themin different proportions.It 丧 your TasVto durmy(fo?|raihmgperiod；intoiuhrdf the twokinds of jobs you fit,and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident.Certainly youshould not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job.Atthe same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job;it is primarily a training job,anopportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.26.There is an increasing demand fbr.A all round people in their own fieldsB people whose job is to organize other peoples workC generalists whose educational background is either technical or professionalD specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others27.The specialist is.A a man whose job is to train other peopleB a man who has been trained in more than one fieldsC a man who can see the forest rather than the treesD a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters28.The administrator is.2 1986.2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案A a trained“man who is more a specialist than a generalistB a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD a man who is an“educated“specialist29.During your training period,it is i mp o r t a n t.A to try to be a generalistB to choose a profitable jobC to find an organization which fits youD to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist30.A mans first job.A is never the right job for himB should not be regarded as his final jobC should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final jobcovered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe,Asia,and North America.The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined,centered roughly on theSouth Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world the Atlantic,Pacific,and Indian Oceans.The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre,thus,the air over the Antarctic isfar more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions.This cold air current from the land is so forcefulthat it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whosecounterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited.Thus,more than a million persons live within2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska,Siberia,and Scandinavia aregion rich in forest and mining industries.Apart from a handful of weather stations,within the samedistance of the South Pole there is not a single tree,industry,or settlement.31.The best title for this selection would be.A IcelandB Land of OpportunityC The Unknown ContinentD Utopia at Last32.At the time this article was written,our knowledge of Antarctica was.A very limited。