2020考研英语(二)真题.pdf

2020 年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语二）Section I Use of English Directions ：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very _1_, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, _2_, a younger sibling. _3_, there s another sort of parent that s a bit easier to _4_: a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _5_ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy _6_. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _7_ and composed style with their kids. I understand this. You re only human, and sometimes your kids can _8_ you just a little too far. And then the _9_ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too _10_ and does nobody any good. You wish that you could _11_ the clock and start over. We ve all been there. _12_, even though it s common, it s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may _13_ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also _14_ your child s self-esteem. If you consistently lose your _15_ with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the _16_ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when _17_ by stress is one of the most important of all life s skills. Certainly, it s incredibly _18_ to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with _19_ situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and _20_ from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally. 1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky 2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident 3. A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually 4. A amuse B assist C describe D train 5. A while B because C unless D once 6. A answer B task C choice D access 7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical 8. A move B drag C push D send 9. A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable 10. A boring B naive C harsh D vague 11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up 12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise 13. A like B miss C believe D regret 14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect 15. A time B bond C race D cool 16. A nature B secret C importance D context 17. A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted 18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong 19. A trying B changing C exciting D surprising 20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escape Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1 Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats. They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat- one social and one asocial - for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn. The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We d assumed we。