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(完整版)英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法-词汇-阅读理解、翻译).doc

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    • 完整版)英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)WORD 格式可编辑语法 七大语法考试重点一 独立主格(一): 独立主格结构的构成:名词 ( 代词 )+现在分词、过去分词;名词 ( 代词 )+形容词;名词 ( 代词 )+副词;名词 ( 代词 )+不定式;名词 ( 代词 ) + 介词短语构成.(二) 独立主格结构的特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开举例:The test finished, we began our holiday When the test was finished, we began our holiday.The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrowWeather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.This done, we went home。

      The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.He came into the room, his ears red with coldHe came out of the library, a large book under his arm.二 过去完成时1) 概念:表示过去的过去其构成是 had + 过去分词构成2) 用法a 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句She said (that) she had never been to Paris.b 状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时When the police arrived, the thieves had run awayc. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等,用过去完成时表示" 原本⋯ ,未能⋯ "We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t。

      3) 过去完成时的时间状语 before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as He said that he had learned some English beforeBy the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party专业技术分享WORD 格式可编辑典型例题The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the officeA. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing,had left注意: had no sooner ⋯ than 刚 ⋯ ⋯ 就⋯ ⋯He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it。

      三 强调结构考试重点:强调句型的基本形式 It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)⋯ ;强调句型用来强调状语.一、强调句型的基本形式 It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)⋯ 二、强调句型用来强调状语.1、It was in that small room_____ they worked hard and dreamed of better days to come.A. where B in which C. which d that2、It is because she is very devoted to her students _______she is respected by themA. that B. which C what D who3、It was not until she arrived in class _________realized she had forgotten her book.A. and she B when C she D that she四 情态动词考试重点:情态动词 +完成时情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。

      情态动词无人称变化,在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语.根据这几年的考试看,着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法.一、must + 现在完成时表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测1、Mr Green _____ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now.A must have received B. must have failed to receive C must receive D. mustfail to receive2、I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on timeA. would have had B. could have hadC should have had D. must have had二、should (ought to )+完成时表示应该做的事情而没有做,否定式表示不该做的事情做了含有对过去的动作的责备、批评1、They have done things they ought _____.A. not to do B。

      not to be done C. not to have done D not having done2、I ’m sorry I couldn ’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him earlier.A had a telephone B. have phoned C should have phoned D. should be phoned三、could + 完成时表示能做的事情而没有做表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜,遗专业技术分享WORD 格式可编辑憾1、He could have joined us, but he didn 't get our invitation in time.2、I could have passed, but I did not study hard enough.五 虚拟语气考试重点:虚拟语气的基本形式和用法; if 的省略形式;含蓄条件句;以 wish (that )引导的表示“愿望"的宾语从句; would rather 引导的从句;以 as if, as though 引导的从句;以 suggest, advise, insist 等词后引导的宾语从句; It is necessary ( important )that 引导的主语从句; It is time (that )⋯ 句型中。

      一、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法:虚拟(条件)语气中,主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类:1、 I would ask George to lend us the money if I _____ him.A had known B have known C knew D. know2、 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _____ the same language?A spoke B speak C had spoken D will speak3、 If Bob____ with us, he would have had a good timeA. would come B. would have come C. had come D. came二、if 的省略形式在虚拟条件句中, 如谓语包含 were , had, should 等词, 则可以把这些词放到主语前面,省略 if 1、_____ you were busy, I wouldn t have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realized B。

      Had I realizedC. Did I have realized that D As I realized2 、_____, I should ask them some questionsA. Should they come to us B. If they come to us C Were they come to us D. Hadthey come to us三、含蓄条件句有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示, 而用其它方式来表示, 这样的句子叫含蓄条件句. 常用 with ,without ,but for .1、Without your help, we _____ so much.A. didn ’t achieve B would not have achieved C will not achieve D. don ’tachieve2、But for the rain, we _____ a nice holidayA. should have B would have had C would have D. will have had四、以 wish(that )引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句wish 后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。

      表示现在或将来的愿望用:主语+ wish +从句 (主语+过去时) ;表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用:主语+ wish + 从句(主语+过去完成时);专业技术分享WORD 格式可编辑1、Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in collegeA. could study B. studied C had studied D would studyI didn ’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____ there.A. were B. would be C. had been D will be五、would 。

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