新概念第四册课文打印版.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑新概念第四册课文打印版 `课文1 察觉化石人 1. We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. 我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字 2. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. 但直到现在,世界上有些地方，人们还不会书写 3. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tales to another. 他们保存历史的唯一手段是将历史当作传闻陈述，由陈述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。

4. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, 这些传闻是有用的，由于他们报告我们很久以前生活在这里的移民的一些事情 5. but none could write down what they did. 但是没有人能写下来 6. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. 人类学家过去不领会如今生活在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方， 7. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. 当地人的传闻却报告人们：其中一片面是约在2,000年前从印度尼西亚迁来的。

8. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas,if they had any, are forgotten. 但是，和我们好像的原始人生活的年头太长久了，因此，有关他们的传闻既使有如今也失传了 9. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. 于是，考古学家们既缺乏历史记载，又无口头传闻来扶助他们弄清最早的“现代人”是从哪里来的 10. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, 然而， 幸运的是，远古人用石头制作了工具，更加是用燧石， 11. because this is easier to shape than other kinds. 由于燧石较之其他石头更轻易成形。

12. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. 他们也可能用过木头和兽皮，但这类东西早已腐烂殆尽 13. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 石头是不会腐烂的因此，尽管制造这些工具的人的骨头早已荡然无存，但远古时代的石头工具却保存了下来 $课文2 不要伤害蜘蛛 14. Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? 你可能会觉得古怪， 蜘蛛怎么会是我们的挚友呢？ 15. Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. 由于它们能歼灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌， 16. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; 昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去， 17. they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, 昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。

18. if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. 要不是人类受一些食虫动物的养护， 19. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. 我们要特别感谢那些吃昆虫的鸟和兽，然而把它们所杀死的昆虫全部加在一起也只相当于蜘蛛所歼灭的一小片面 20. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings. 此外，蜘蛛不同于其他食虫动物，它们丝毫不危害我们和我们的财物 21. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. 大量人认为蜘蛛是昆虫，但它们不是昆虫，甚至与昆虫毫无关系。

22. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, 人们几乎一眼就能看出二者的差异， 23. for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six. 由于蜘蛛都是8条腿，而昆虫的腿从不超过6条 24. How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf? 有多少蜘蛛在为我们效力呢？ 25. One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, 一位研究蜘蛛的权威对英国南部一块草坪上的蜘蛛作了一次调查 26. and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; 他估计每英亩草坪里有225万多只蜘蛛 27. that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. 这就是说，在一个足球场上约有600万只不同种类的蜘蛛。

28. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. 蜘蛛至少有半年在忙于吃昆虫 29. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, 它们一年中歼灭了多少昆虫，我们简直无法推测， 30. but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. 它们是吃不饱的动物，不合意一日三餐 31. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country. 据估计，在英国蜘蛛一年里所歼灭昆虫的重量超过这个国家人口的总重量。

$课文3 马特霍恩山区人 32. Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, 现代登山运鼓动总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀登山峰 33. and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. 他们认为， 道路愈艰险愈带劲儿 34. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. 然而，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种处境 35. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, 早期登山者所探索的是通往山顶的最便当的途径， 36. because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it and never been attained before. 由于顶峰更加是前人未曾到过的顶峰 -- 才是他们寻求的目标。

37. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, 切实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危害， 38. equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, 。