如何做好短文填空.ppt

1、如何有效备考中考 短文填空,一、考纲分析,“短文填空”实际上是“完形填空”题型的又一种表现形式，旨在考查考生能否结合题目的要求，以不同的形式来补全一篇文章。这类题目考查了学生的观察力、分析力、判断力、联想力、阅读理解能力和综合语言运用能力。本题共15分，占整份英语试题分值的12.5%（15/120）。,近五年广东省中考短文填空考点分分析,二、题型分析,1.题型特点： 1）文章不会太长（130-200个单词左右），第一行不设空。 2）词汇难度不高，文章难度要略低于阅读。 2.考点设置： 重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。 词汇方面以实词为主，即指名词、动词、形容词、副词。兼顾其它考点。 3. 提示方式：自由填词型。 4. 考生难点： 首先：单词拼写问题。很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错。 其次：如何确定所填词的词性。有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握：如名词的单复数，和动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。,三、如何做好短文填空?,（一）正确的步骤,（二）适当的技巧,（三）适量的练习,（一）正确的解题步骤:,1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的大意; a. 进行跳格阅

2、读. b. 注意文章时态. 2. 根据词义,判断词形进行填空; a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达等较易的空格. b. 不太明朗的空格要根据语境和语义反复推敲. c. 注意词形变化（如：复数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词等） 3. 通读全文,检查核对.,It was . Mrs. Smith went to do some with her husband.,第一招:金睛火眼(认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。 ),Saturday,shopping,It was oclock in the morning. Mr. Smith Then he left home and rode a to the station.,seven,bike,第二招：有样学样（观察上下文，找出能推断 出答案的信息）,(1) 一模一样,white,Tina noticed that her mother had some_ hairs on her head. Then she asked, “ Why do you have some white hairs, Mom?”,When he

3、got home, he open his bag. He wanted to get the keys. They were always there. But he couldnt find the keys this time A moment later he jumped into the room and was very happy. But when he put his hand into his pocket. He found his_ right there.,keys,Children have to do a lot of every day not only at school but also at home. Some children have so much work to do that they often have to work late into the night before they can finish their homework.,homework,(2) 连词推断,2. Hours, days, _ and months w

4、ent by, but no birds came at all.,weeks,Once a Frenchman was travelling in England. He knew very English.,第三招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。）,little,FRANCE,When Tom got school, it was eight ten. The teacher had already begun her lesson. As soon as Tom came into the classroom, she got and said, ,angry,(1) 介词常与 名词/动词/形容词 进行搭配 如 (2) 动词与非谓语动词的搭配 动+ do: 动+ to do: 动+ doing: (3) 其他类型的固定搭配 如 bothand ; neithernor,第四招：讲究搭配（根据习惯用语和短语来填写）,by bike,put up,be worried about,make sb. do,decide to do,enjoy doing,1. (2012中

5、考）I almost have no time for my hobbies, _ as playing volleyball and ping-pong.,2. Suddenly he _ up with a good idea and went out of his room.,such,came,第五招：定位 （确定所填词的词性）,(1) 缺主语或宾语，则填名词，_或者_. 例：1. _ makes children like the seaside so much? I think its the sand. 2. She studies in an art school, _ to music is her favorite.,代词,动名词,What,listening,(2) 若宾语用的是“_+ to do形式”， 则填_ 例: 1. He was so afraid that he didnt know _ to do. 2. (2011中考）He wanted a pair of new shoes, but his family is so poor. He was

6、thinking about _ to tell his mother about it.,疑问词,what,how,(3) 缺谓语， 则填_. （2012中考）Im upset these days. I have a problem, and I do not _ how to deal with it.,know,动词,(4)若两个句子间要填一个空，则很可能是填_或者_.,1. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy.,but,2. He came up to the man _ is sitting on the ground.,who/that,连词,从句引导词,第一招:金睛火眼（认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。）,第二招：有样学样（善于从下文或前文找一模一样的信息。）,第三招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。）,第四招：讲究搭配（根据习惯用语和短语来填写。 ）,第五招：定位 （确定所填词的词性）,确定语义，判断词形,名词,动词,形容词&

7、副词,（二）适当的解题技巧：,.,1.名词：考查名词的数（单复数形式、不规则的 变化）以及名词所有格。,2.动词:考查谓语动词的人称、数、时态、语态、 不定式to do，动词的现在分词ing形式、过去 分词done、固定搭配等。,实词-动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词 、数词 虚词-连词、介词、冠词、感叹词,3.形容词：考查原级、比较级、最高级， 部分形容词和副词同形的词。,4.副词：考查原级、比较级、最高级， 考查修饰动词、句子等。,9.冠词：考查a、an修饰可数名词单数，和定冠词the或固定搭配。,5.代词：考查不定代词、物主代词、人称代词的主格、宾格、反身代词等，一般由意思判定。,6.数词：常考基数词和序数词，或是分数的表示方法。,7.连词：考查句子间的逻辑关系、填入的词、要符合上下文逻辑即可。,8.介词：常考查固定短语搭配。,短文填空评分标准,1.与所给答案一致，或意思符合短文内容要求且形式正确给满分。 2. 答案意思相符但形式错误扣0.5分，大小写扣0.5分 3. 意思不符不得分。,短文填空解题策略,. 跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意。 . 复读短文，结合语境，确定词义。 . 周

8、密分析，上下兼顾，确定词性。 . 依据搭配，遵循语法，确定答案。 . 全面考虑，仔细检查，注重细节。,Dear Anne, How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 71_12th,2013. It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day. This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 72 _greatest Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历) ，278 BC. People there rowed the boats to 73 _him.,直击中考（2013年）,June,the,save,农历5月初5，上下文提示语境,语法、最高级前面用the,逻辑推理，上下文语境,killed,himself,But it was t

9、oo late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the 74 _to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body. 75 _ then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 76 _ Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only 77 _a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food. We can have it any time we like.,From,river/water,once,eating/having,上文汨罗江提示,固定搭配,语境、固定搭配,enjoy,逻辑推理、语境,Have you ever 78 _the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 79 _as they can. The first team to reach the finish line wins. If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 80 _like to spend this fes

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