测控技术与仪器专业英语 张凤登UNIT-8.Measuring Technique
11页1、UNIT 8 Measuring Technique,8.1 Text Errors in Measurement 测量中的误差,New Words geometric diumetrik a. 几何的,几何学的 propagate prpeit v. 传播,宣传,繁殖 coordinate ku:dinit n. v. 坐标(用复数);调整,整理 graduated rdjueitid a. 分度的 theodolite idlait n. 经纬仪 bubble bbl n. 气泡,泡 dexterity deksterti n. 灵巧,机敏,灵活,熟练 blunder blnd n. v. 大错,失误;犯大错,做错 gross rus a. 显著的,严重的,总的,毛的 obviate bvieit v. 消除,排除,回避,避免,预防 conscientious ,kniens a. 尽责的 algebraic ,ldibreiik a. 代数的 curvature k:vt n. 弯曲,曲率 refraction rifrkn n. 折光,折射,New Words (continu
2、e) trigonometric ,trinmetrik a. 三角法的,据三角法的 calibration ,klibrein n. 标度,刻度,校准 unquantifiable ,nkwntifaibl a. 不可测量的,难以计算的,Notes Also, it is the indirect nature of measurements that forces the need to often apply some rather sophisticated mathematical procedures to analysis of errors and thus determine a “best value” to present the size of the quantity. 而且,测量的间接性要求必须采用一些非常复杂的数学程序来分析误差,这样才能确定出一个表征数值大小的“最佳值”。 gross error 严重错误,过失误差 law of probability 概率论,Exercises 1. Answer the following questions. Th
3、e sources of errors fall into three broad categories. They are the instrumental error, natural error, and personal error. The natural error is caused by variation in the surrounding environment conditions, whereas Personal Error arises due to limitations in human senses. Yes, it does. From the discussion thus far it can be stated with absolute certainty that all measured values contain errors, whether due to lack of refinement in readings, instabilities in environmental conditions, instrumental
4、imperfection or human limitations. Mistake actually is not an error because it usually is so gross in magnitude compared to the systematic or random errors. Systematic errors follow some physical law and thus can be predicted whereas random errors are introduced into each measurement mainly because of human and instrument imperfections as well as uncertainties in determining the effects of the environment on measurements Systematic errors can be known in advance. The systematic error can be redu
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