中国文化概况英语教程

1、March of the Volunteers 义勇军进行曲 the Grand Canal between Beijing and Hangzhou 京杭descendants of Yan and Huang 炎黄子孙 special administrative region 特别行政区one country , two systems 一国两制 banning all schools of thought except Confucianism 罢黜Buddhist scriptures 佛经 three obediences and four virtues 三从四德 the Koran 古兰经When the Eight Immortals cross the sea ,each demonstrates their divine power .八仙过海philosophical prose 诸子散文 literary criticism 文学评论 Soft and Tuneful School 婉约派Four Great Classical Novels 四大名著 the

2、 Nobel Price for Literature 诺贝尔文学奖regular script 楷书 Four Treasures of the Study 文房四宝 crosstalk 相声shadow play 皮影戏 plucked instrument 弦乐器 Preliminary Eve 小年 Golden Week 黄金周Spring Festival Gala 春节联欢晚会 Double Seventh Festival 七夕节 autonomous prefecture 自治州 eight regional cuisines 八大菜系 double-stewed soup 老火靓汤 oolong tea 乌龙茶arm-crossed wine 交杯酒 A Bite of China 舌尖上的中国 Silk Road 丝绸之路paddy-field costume 稻田装 batik or wax painting 蜡染 Chinese tunic suit 中山装betrothal gift 订婚礼物中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋西岸。陆地面积国土总面积约为 960 万平

3、方公里，仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大，居世界第三位。中国地形特征复杂多变，西部为高原，东部为平原。山地和丘陵约占陆地总面积的 67%，而盆地和平原约占 33%。中国的大部分地区位于北温带，气候温和。四季分明，适宜人类居住。Located in the east of the Asian continent, on the western shore the Pacific Ocean ,the PRC has a land area of about 9.6 million square kilometres ,and is the third largest country in the world .next only to Russia and Canada. China is a country in the world of varied topographical features with highlands in the west and plains in the east .Mountainous land and very rough terrains make up a

4、bout 67% of Chinese territory, basins and plans about 33%. Most of lies in the north temperate zone, characterised by a warm climate and distinctive seasons ,a climate well suited for habitation.中国是个多宗教的国家、中国宗教徒信奉的主要有道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教。道教是中国土生土长的宗教，而其他四种是有其他国家传入中国的宗教。中国公民可以自由选择自己的宗教信仰和表明自己的宗教身份。China is a multi-religion country . the religions that are believed by Chinese people are mainly Taoism , Buddhism , Islam , Catholicism and Christianity .among which Taoism is indigenous to China while t

5、he others are of foreign origin .Chinese citizens may freely choose their religious beliefs and make clear affiliations. 诗经是中国第一部诗歌总集，共入编了从西周初年至春秋中叶的 305 篇诗歌。按照曲调的特点，这些诗歌可以划分三类：风雅颂。 诗经中的诗歌多以四言为主，表现手法主要是赋比兴。作为中国文学的起点， 诗经多于后代文学的影响非常深远。The Book of Songs .the first anthology of poetry in china .includes 305 poems for the early Western ,zhou dynasty to the middle of spring and autumn period .In the light of their rhythms the works can be divided into three sections :feng ya song .The poems in The Boo

6、k of Songs are mainly written in four-character lines .In terms of its writing technique ,it can be classified into fu bi and xing As the starting point of Chinese literature ,The Book of Songs has great influence on the literary works of later generations京剧有 200 多年历史，在中国的传统戏曲剧种中最为有名。在表演中，演员根据据中人物使用不同的脸谱。唱念做打是京剧表演中的四种主要艺术手段，也是京剧演员们的四大基本功。京剧演员们使用的每个动作都极具象征性，他们通过手势，步法以及其他身体活动来表示开门、上楼、划船、骑马等动作。Beijing Opera ,which has a history of more than 200 years ，enjoys the greatest reputation among Chinas tra

7、ditional operas .In Beijing Opera, performers wear different types of make-up according to the characters they perform .Singing recitation , acting and acrobatic fighting are the four major artistic means and the four basic skills of Beijing Opera . Each action of a Beijing Opera performers is highly symbolic .Gestures , footwork ,and other body movements can express the actions such as opening a door ,gonging upstairs ,rowing a boat ,riding a horse ,etc.春节是中国农历年的岁首，是最隆重的传统节日。春节的习俗很多，如放鞭炮、贴春联、#大

8、年、吃饺子等。春节期间，各地还会举办各种庆祝活动，其中传统庙会活动会一直持续很多天。The Spring Festival is Chinas most important traditional festival that falls on the first day first lunar month .There are many customs observed during this festival such as burning firecracker , pasting Spring Festival couplets ,paying New Year visits ,eating dumplings ,etc . There are various celebrations in the different places during this festival , among which traditional temple fairs last for days. 中国有句古话，民以食为天。可见饮食在中国生活中的分量。中国地域辽阔，由于各地气候、物产以及风俗习惯的

9、差异，形成了以鲁菜、川菜、粤菜、闽菜、苏菜、浙菜、徽菜、湘菜为代表的八大菜系。中国菜讲究色、香、味，其中以味最为重要。中国的菜五花八门，著名的菜肴名称背后都有段生动的故事，这为中国的饮食文化平添了几分的神秘色彩。There is an old saying in China .”food is what matters most to people ” . It illustrate the significant role food plays in the life of Chinese people .As a vast country with diverse climates .and customs , China is known to have eight regional cuisines which include Shangdong Sichuan , Guangdong , Fujian , Jiangsu , Zhejiang , anhui , and hunan cuisines .There are three essential standard by which Chinese cooking is judged ,namely colour ,aroma , and taste ,with taste being the most important .The names of Chinese dishes are many and various .There are interesting stories behind the names famous Chinese dishes , which add to the mystique of Chinese food culture.传统服饰在中国历史文化中占重要地位，是中华文明的一个重要的组成部分。在现代的服装舞台上，中国的唐装、旗袍、中山装等仍是深受欢迎，成为许多的顶级大师们的灵感源泉。中国的刺绣和蜡染等民族艺术也深深的吸引了海内外的游客。As a vital part of Chinese civilisation , traditional Chinese costumes and adornments paly

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