计算机图形学computer graph(17)

1、Computer GraphicsProf.Zhang Caiming(张彩明)Dr.Zhou Yuanfeng(周元峰)Shandong University1精选pptBooks&References当 当 价：￥58.702精选pptBooks&References3精选pptCourse informationCourse materials:/211.87.235.32/share/ComputerGraphics/Contact:Email:yfzhousdu.edu Office:Room 212,laboratory buildingURL:/211.87.235.32/lab/people/zyf.jsp4精选pptCourse informationLab location:laboratory buildingLab hours:10 17 weeksSimple program frameworkInteractive3DGrading:70%Final exam 30%Lab assignments5精选pptWhat is Computer Graphics

2、?Broad introduction to Computer GraphicsSoftwareHardwareApplicationsTopdown approachOpenGL DirectX6精选pptPrerequisitesGood programming skills in C(or C+)Basic Data StructuresLinked listsArraysGeometrySimple Linear Algebra7精选pptObjectivesIn this lecture,we explore what computer graphics is about and survey some application areasWe start with a historical introduction8精选pptComputer GraphicsComputer graphics deals with all aspects of producing pictures or images with a computerHardwareSoftwareApplic

3、ations Display of Information Design Simulation and Animation User Interfaces9精选pptExampleWhere did this image come from?What hardware/software did we need to produce it?10精选pptPreliminary AnswerApplication:The object is an artists rendition of the sun for an animation to be shown in a domed environment(planetarium天文馆)(NURBS surface)Software:Maya for modeling and rendering but Maya is built on top of OpenGLHardware:PC with graphics card(GPU)for modeling and rendering11精选pptBasic Graphics System

4、Input devicesOutput deviceImage formed in FB帧缓冲器12精选pptOutput device13精选pptCRT(Cathode-ray tube)Can be used either as a linedrawing device(calligraphic)or to display contents of frame buffer(raster mode)14精选pptLED,LCD15精选pptComputer Graphics:1950-1960Computer graphics goes back to the earliest days of computingStrip chartsPen plottersSimple displays using A/D converters to go from computer to calligraphic CRTCost of refresh for CRT too high slow,expensive,unreliable16精选pptComputer Graphics:1960-

5、1970Wireframe graphicsDraw only linesSketchpad(画板)Display ProcessorsStorage tubewireframe representationof sun object17精选pptSketchpad ProjectIvan Sutherlands PhD thesis at MITRecognized the potential of manmachine interaction LoopDisplay somethingUser moves light penComputer generates new displaySutherland also created many of the now common algorithms for computer graphics18精选pptDisplay ProcessorRather than have the host computer try to refresh display use a special purpose computer called a di

6、splay processor(DPU)Graphics stored in display list(display file)on display processorHost compiles display list and sends to DPU19精选pptDirect View Storage TubeCreated by TektronixDid not require constant refreshStandard interface to computersAllowed for standard softwarePlot3D in FortranRelatively inexpensiveOpened door to use of computer graphics for CAD community20精选pptComputer Graphics:1970-1980Raster GraphicsBeginning of graphics standardsIFIPSInternational Federation for Information Process

7、ing GKS:European effortBecomes ISO 2D standardCore:North American effort 3D but fails to become ISO standardWorkstations and PCs21精选pptRaster GraphicsImage produced as an array(the raster)of picture elements(pixels)in the frame buffer22精选pptRaster GraphicsAllows us to go from lines and wire frame images to filled polygons23精选pptPCs and WorkstationsAlthough we no longer make the distinction between workstations and PCs,historically they evolved from different rootsEarly workstations characterized

8、 byNetworked connection:clientserver modelHighlevel of interactivityEarly PCs included frame buffer as part of user memoryEasy to change contents and create images24精选pptComputer Graphics:1980-1990Realism comes to computer graphics smooth shadingenvironment mappingbump mapping25精选pptComputer Graphics:1980-1990Special purpose hardwareSilicon Graphics geometry engineVLSI implementation of graphics pipelineIndustrybased standardsPHIGS(Programmers Hierarchical 3,Interactive Graphics System)RenderMan

9、(Harry Potter)Networked graphics:X Window SystemHumanComputer Interface(HCI)26精选pptComputer Graphics:1990-2000OpenGL API(SGI)Completely computergenerated featurelength movies(Toy Story)are successfulNew hardware capabilitiesTexture mappingBlendingAccumulation,stencil(模板)buffers27精选pptComputer Graphics:2000-PhotorealismGraphics cards for PCs dominate marketNvidia,ATI,3DLabsGame boxes and game players determine direction of marketComputer graphics routine in movie industry:Maya,LightwaveProgrammable pipelines28精选pptArt29精选pptGame30精选pptImage Processing31精选pptScientific Computing32精选pptArchitecture33精选pptMedical34精选ppt

《计算机图形学computer graph(17)》由会员资****亨分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《计算机图形学computer graph(17)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。