2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第148期

1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题All the memories of his childhood had（ ） from his mind by the time he was 65.问题1选项A.fadedB.illustratedC.confinedD.concerned【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。fade“褪色，逐渐消失”；illustrate“阐明，举例说明”；confine“限制，紧闭”；concern“影响，牵挂，关系到，涉及”。句意：他大脑中童年时代的所有记忆在他65岁时都逐渐模糊。A项符合题意。2. 单选题The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary（ ）too much work last week.问题1选项A.take toB.take outC.take awayD.take on【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。take to“走向，开始从事”；take out“取出，去掉”；take away“带走，拿走”；take on“承担，呈现”。句意：上周，主席因

2、让他的秘书承担很多工作而受到责备。D项符合题意。3. 单选题Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acc

3、eptable in the domestic setting.One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train it. Obedience training doesnt solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come h

4、ere, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack（群）by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate（从属的）role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confide

5、nt and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.1.Behavior problems of dogs are believed to（ ）.2.The primary purpose of obedience training is to（ ）.3.Effective communication between a dog and its owner is（ ）.4.Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?5.When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner（ ）.问题1选项A.be just part of their natureB.worsen in modern societyC.occur when they go wildD.present a threat to the community问题2选

6、项A.teach the dog to perform clever tricksB.make the dog aware of its owners authorityC.provide the dog with outlets for its wild behaviorD.enable the dog to regain its normal behavior问题3选项A.essential to solving the dogs behavior problemsB.the foundation for dogs to perform tasksC.a good way to teach the dog new tricksD.an extreme measure in obedience training问题4选项A.To avoid being punishedB.To show their affection for their mastersC.To win leadership of the dog packD.To show their willingness to

7、obey问题5选项A.can give the dog more rewardsB.will enjoy a better family lifeC.can give the dog more freedomD.will have more confidence in himself【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. 狗是群居动物，如果没有适当的训练，它们会表现得像野生动物一样。”可知狗的行为问题是由其本性决定的。故A项正确。2.推理判断题。由第一段和第二段“The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the

8、domestic setting. Obedience training doesnt solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. 防止或治疗行为问题的关键是学会教狗把它的正常行为改成在家庭环境中可以接受的发泄。服从训练并不能解决所有的行为问题，但它是解决任何问题的基础。可知服从训练的主要目的是为狗的野蛮行为提供发泄的途径。C项正确。3.细节事实题。由第二段最后一句“Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do. 有效的沟通对指导你的狗做你想要它做的事情是必要的。”可知B项“是狗执行任务的基础”正确。4.细节事实题。由倒数第二段“Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge. 大多数狗狗喜欢为你表演一些小

9、把戏，让你愉快地接受你是主人的事实。”可知D项正确。5.细节事实题。由最后一段“A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal. 一条受过良好训练的狗比未受过训练的动物更有信心，也能更安全地获得更多的自由。”可知C项正确。4. 单选题Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full（ ）.问题1选项A.capacityB.strengthC.lengthD.possibility【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。capacity“能力，容量”；strength“力量，力气”；length“长度”；possibility“可能性”。句意：不出去工作的家庭主妇感到没有充分发挥自己的能力。A项符合题意。5. 单选题For professional athletes,（ ）to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history book.问题1选项A.accessB.attachmentC.appealD.approach【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。access“通道，进入，机会”；attachment“附件，依恋”；appeal“呼吁，恳求”；appro

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