高等化工热力学恒等式总结.doc

热热力学恒等式力学恒等式Gibbs 基本微分方程：基本微分方程：dU=TdS-pdV+iiidndH=TdS+Vdp+iiidndA= -SdT-pdV+iiidndG= -SdT+Vdp+iiidn积分形式：积分形式：U=TS-pV+iiinH=TS+iiinA= -pV+iiinG=iiinU-TS+pV=H-TS=A+pV=G 能量函数的一阶偏导数：能量函数的一阶偏导数：pVA VUnTnS    ,,VpG pHnTnS        ,,TSH SUnPnV    ,,STG TAnPnV    ,,能量函数的二阶偏导数：能量函数的二阶偏导数： 1．．Maxwell 关系式：关系式：nVnSnSp VT VSU,,2        nPnSnSV pT pSH,,2          nVnTnTp VS VTA,,2        nPnTnTV pS pTG,,2          2．化学位的导数：．化学位的导数：i PiST  2)/( TH TTiPi  iTiVp    P，，V 和和 T 的内在关系：的内在关系： 1      VPTpT TV Vp热容关系式：热容关系式：PPPTSTTHC    VVVTSTTUC    PTPTVTpSTl     VTVTpTVSTl    TPTVVPVp TVTpV TpTCC        22SVPVP Vp pT TV CC       PTP TVTpC         22VTV TpTVC       22。