流感疫苗保护效果仍未知ppt课件.ppt

Title:Arial,28,粗斜體,Arial,24,Arial,20,Arial,18,Arial,14,Arial,12,*,Swine influenza,Interim Guidance of WHO&US CDC,98-04-27,A,reassortant,virus,Swine influenzaInterim Guidan,What is swine influenza?,Most influenza,type A,H1N1 virus,other subtypes(H1N2,H3N2,and H3N1)also circulating in pigs-first isolated from a pig in 1930-killed by cooking temperatures of 160F/70C,A highly contagious acute respiratory disease of pigs-asymptomatic carrier pigs,exist-morbidity tends to be high and mortality low(1-4%),Human-to-human transmission,has,occurred,Current seasonal influenza vaccine does,NOT contain,swine influenza virus-,Not known,whether current human seasonal influenza vaccines can provide any protection,2,http:/www.who.int/csr/swine_flu/swine_flu_faq_26april.pdf,http:/www.cdc.gov/swineflu/key_facts.htm,流感疫苗保護效果仍未知,What is swine influenza?Most i,Signs and symptoms,Similar to the symptoms of regular human seasonal influenza-fever,lethargy,lack of appetite and cough-runny nose,sore throat,-,nausea,vomiting and diarrhea,(some),Severe illness-pneumonia-respiratory failure and deaths,May cause a worsening of underlying chronic medical conditions,3,http:/www.cdc.gov/swineflu/key_facts.htm,Signs and symptomsSimilar to t,Residents of States with Swine Influenza Cases,給民眾的衛教,Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.(咳嗽與呼吸道禮節),Wash your hands often with soap and water,especially after you cough or sneeze.Alcohol-based hands cleaners are also effective.(洗手),Try to avoid close contact with sick people.(避免接觸病人),If you get sick,CDC recommends that you stay home from work or school and limit contact with others to keep from infecting them.(生病盡量留在家中),Avoid touching your eyes,nose or mouth.Germs spread that way.(避免散播),4,Residents of States with Swine,Medications to Help Lessen Symptoms of the Flu,When to Seek Emergency Medical Care,5,Stay home,for 7 days after the start of illness and fever is gone,Monitor yourself and household members for flu symptoms and contact a,telephone hotline,or health care provider if symptoms occur,CDC:Interim Guidance for Swine influenza A(H1N1):Taking Care of a Sick Person in Your Home,(,April 25,2009),強調盡量待在家中,Medications to Help Lessen Sym,Steps to Lessen the Spread of Flu in the Home,Placement of the sick person,(,如何在家安置病人,)-,Keep the sick person in a room separate from the common areas of the house-,Keep the sickroom door closed,-Have the sick person wear,a surgical mask,if they need to be in a common area of the house near other persons,Protect other persons in the home,(,保護家中其他人,)-,Avoid having pregnant women care for the sick person.,If you are the caregiver,self-monitor,(,自我監測與防護,),Using Facemasks or Respirators,(,用口罩和,N95,的時機,)-,wear a facemask(for example,surgical mask)or N95 disposable respirator-,N95,if respiratory treatments using a nebulizer or inhaler,6,Steps to Lessen the Spread of,Clinicians,臨床醫師應有的警覺與採檢,Consider the possibility of swine influenza virus infections,Symptomatic individual,(acute respiratory symptoms with or without fever),(,急性呼吸症狀和以下三項中任一,)-,Live in,area where human cases of swine influenza A (H1N1)has been identified or (,居住地,)-Have,traveled,to an area where human cases of swine influenza A(H1N1)has been identified or(,旅遊史,)-Have been in,contact,with ill persons from these areas in the,7 days prior to their illness onset,(,接觸史,),Obtain a respiratory swab for swine influenza testing and place it in a refrigerator(not a freezer)-,timely diagnosis,at a state public health laboratory,7,Clinicians 臨床醫師應有的警覺與採檢 Cons,Definitions of Respiratory Illness,(April 24-26,2009),Acute respiratory illness,(,急性呼吸道症狀,):,Recent onset of,at least two,of the following:,rhinorrhea or nasal congestion,sore throat,cough,fever or feverishness,(,發燒非必要條件,),Influenza-like illness,:fever 37.8C(100F)plus cough or sore throat,8,CDC:Interim Guidance on Case Definitions to be Used For Investigations of Swine Influenza A(H1N1)Cases*(,April 26,2009),Definitions of Respiratory Ill,CDC:C,ase definitions,病例定義,(April 26,2009),used For Investigations of Swine Influenza A(H1N1)Cases,Confirmed case,確定病例,a person with an,acute respiratory illness,with laboratory confirmed swine influenza A(H1N1)virus infection at CDC by one or more of the following tests:,-real-time RT-PCR-viral culture-four-fold rise in swine influenza A(H1N1)virus specific neutralizing antibodies,Probable case,極可能病例,a person with an acute respiratory illness with an influenza test that is,positive for influenza A,but H1 and H3 negative.,9,CDC:Interim Guidance on Case Definitions to be Used For Investigations of Swine Influenza A(H1N1)Cases*(,April 26,2009),CDC:Case definitions 病例定義(Apr,Suspected case,疑似病例,A person with acute respiratory illness who was a,close contact to,a,confirmed case,of swine influenza A(H1N1)virus infection,during the cases infectious period,OR,A person with an acute respiratory illness with a,recent history of contact with,an animal,with confirmed or s。