2022年2022年高中英语主谓一致讲解.docx

精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学问总结归纳1高中英语：主谓一样精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载一.概念：主谓一样为指谓语在人称和数上必需和主语的人称和数保持一样；这为英语语法中必需遵循的基本规章；二.主谓一样主要有以下几种情形：语法一样,就近一样和意义一样；（一）.语法一样：主语为单数形式 、 谓语动词也用单数形式 ; 主语为复数形式 、 谓语动词也用复数形式；e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不行数名词作主语 、 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语 、 谓语动词用复数；1. 由 and 连接的两个名词或代词做主语：① The worker and writer 〔be〕 from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家② The worker and the writer 〔be〕 from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③ The secretary and monitor asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were（ 1）这部分主语表示的为两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式；例如：① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.（ 2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式 、这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词；例：① The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④ Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤ Law and order has been established.（ 3）这部分主语前面有 each、 every、 many a、 no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式；例句：① Each doctor and（each） nurse was given a new shirt.② No sound and no voice is heard.③ Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.④ Every minute and every second is precious.2. 动名词,不定式,主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；例句：① Reading is a great pleasure in life.② To live means to create.③ That we need more time is obvious.④ What is needed is food and medicine.3. 表示时间,金钱,距离,重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时,被视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式；例句：① Three thousand miles is a long distance.② Eight hours of sleep is enough.③ Ten dollars is enough for him.④ Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried4. 不定代词 anyone、 anything、 everyone、 everything、 someone、 something、 no one、 nothing、 each the other 等做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；例句：① Is anybody going to tell him the news .② Someone wants to see you.③ Anybody who 〔 break / breaks〕 the rule will be punished.5.倒装句中的语法一样1精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2① Two pictures on the wall、 which attract many people.② On the wall two pictures、 which attract many people.③ Their teacher among the students、 who is in her thirties.④ Among the students their teacher、 who is in her thirties.（二）就近原就1.由连词 or、 either or、 neither nor、 not only but also、 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时,谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一样；例句：① . Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand.② . Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin ’s movies.③ . Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.④ . George or Tom is wanted.2.留意： There be 句型中 be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数打算；例句：① . There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today.② . There is a lamp、 two pens and three books on the desk.③ . Here are some envelopes and paper for you.3.名词后面带有 with、 along with、 together with、 besides、 except、 but、 like、 including、 as well as、 rather than 短语共同做主语时,谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一样；例句：① . All but one were here just now.② . A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift.③ . An expert、 together with some assistants、 was sent to help in this work.④ . You as well as I are wrong.（三）意义一样1. 代词 none、 neither、 all 的不行数形式仍为复数形式由它们指的内容打算例句：（ 1） All hope has gone.（ 2） All are agreed on this point.（ 3）— Is there any milk in the fridge. — No、 there is none.（ 4） None has returned from the meeting.2. 集合名词 group、 family、 class、 government、 team、 public、 enemy、 crowd、 audience、 club、 party、 crew 等名词等作主语时 、假如看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式 、假如看成其中各成员,就用复数形式 . 例句The army is going to remain in this town. The army have rescued the travelers. His family very large. His family music lovers.The group made up of nine students. The group dancing happily留意：集合名词 cattle、 clothes、 people、 the police 表示复数意义,谓语动词永久复数； people 民族（可数名词,peoples〕3. 限定词短语 all of ; none of ; a lot of ; 以及分数 /百分数 +of .修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时, 谓语动词的形式由 of 后面的名词形式打算；例句：（ 1） None of these suggestions are very helpful.（ 2） I don ’t think any of us wants to work tomorrow.（ 3） Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.4.代词作主语Neither dog big. 〔 A. is B. are 〕 Neither of them big. 〔 A. is B. are 〕 Neither rabbit handsome. 〔 A. is B. are 〕Neither of the rabbits handsome.. 〔 A. is B. are 〕（ neither + 单数名词 → 谓语动词用单数； none／ neither of +可数名词 谓语动词用单数或复数；none of+ 不行数名词 →谓语动词用单数）1） .None of these people doctors. A. has B. have C. are D. was2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载32） Neither of them a good singer. A. was B. is C. were D. is used to be 3） .Neither of us 〔was/were〕 ready when the party began.4） . None of them 〔has/have〕 watched the talk show.5.主语为单复数同形的名词 deer、 sheep、 fish 鱼、series 系列 、 species 物种 、 means 手段 、 works 工厂 、 aircraft 飞行器 、 ect.时,视其表达的意义而判定谓语动词的单复数；Eg: 1.〕 A new means has been used .2.〕 Many means have not come into effect.6.the＋ adj. 、表示一类人,谓语动词用复数,如 the old、 the young、 the rich、 the poor 等the+ adj.、 表示某个人或一类抽象的事物,谓语动词用单数,如 t。