【课件】高考复习阅读理解之主旨大意题课件.pptx

阅读理解-主旨大意题01导导 入入02解题方法解题方法导导 入入识别主旨大意题标志词：标志词：subjectsubject,topic,theme,title,main,topic,theme,title,mainidea,mainlyaboutidea,mainlyaboutWhichisthebest titleforthetext?Whatwouldbethemost suitabletitleforthetext?Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthethemeofthepassage?Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthispassage?Whatisthetext/passagemainlyabout?Whichofthefollowing bestsummarizedthepassage?Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?解题步骤解题步骤1读题干圈划题目中题目中心词心词、梳理选项含义2读文章阅读首尾段，阅读首尾段，确定确定中心句中心句中心句中心句，分析中心句含分析中心句含义义3找答案圈画中心句的中心词，定位定位选项选项解题方法解题方法高频词查找法首尾段定位法（看首段+看尾段）通读全文首尾首尾段定位法段定位法看首段看首段看尾段看尾段首尾首尾段结合段结合看首段看首段首尾段定位法首尾段定位法-看首段看首段【例例题】Todaysworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence（毅力）,characteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.BYUprofessorsLauraPadilla-WalkerandRandalDayarrivedatthesefindingsafterfollowing325Americanfamiliesoverseveralyears.Andovertime,thepersistencegainedthroughfathersledtohigherachievementinschool.“Therearerelativelyfewstudiesthatstresstheuniqueroleoffathers,”Padilla-Walkersaid.“Thisresearchalsohelpstoprovethatcharacteristicssuchaspersistence-whichcanbetaught-arekeytoachildslifesuccess.”Researchersdeterminedthatdadsneedtopracticean“authoritative”parentingstyle.Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian:rigid,demandingorcontrolling.Rather,anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather;responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressed;childrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy（自主权）.Inthestudy,about52percentofthedadsexhibitedabove-averagelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.keyfindingisthatovertime,childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence,whichleadstobetteroutcomesinschool.Thisparticularstudyexamined11to14-year-oldslivingintwo-parenthomes.Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence,whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.首尾段定位法首尾段定位法-看首段看首段【例例题】Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThreeCharacteristicsofAuthoritativeFathersB.KeySkillsforYoungAdultstoSucceedinFutureC.ChildrenTendtoLearnDeterminationfromFatherD.FamilyRelationshipInfluencesSchoolPerformanceNotallofuswerebornprettyorhandsome!Youmaybehopeforagoodlook,butthishasnothingtodowithyourweight,size,shapeorskin.Agoodlooktakescultivating（培养）whatswithinyou.Hereareafewtipsonhowtobegin.Werepayingmoreattentiontoourappearancethanourmind.Ifwespenthalfasmuchtimenoticingourmind,wewouldbealothealthierinmind.Thinkabouthowmuchtimethefashionindustrypaystomakeyoubelievethatyoushouldinvest（投资）inyourmindknowyourvalueandchangeyourworld.Howdoyoutakecareofyourmind?Youcandoitbyspendingtimelearningwhoyouareandwhatyouradvantagesare.FindyouradvantagesandyouMlbecomefearless.Makeuseofthegiftsyouvebeengiven.Bemodest,friendlyandgenerous.Workhardandrealizeyourdream.Paymoreattentiontothosepeoplewhoremostimportantinyourlife:thoseyoulove.Dontfocuson（集中）yoursizeorweight.Dontletitstealtimethatshouldbespentonthosewhoyoulovebecauseyouarepreoccupiedwithallthedisadvantages.Saygood-byetotheoldwayandtrysomethingnew.Runamarathon,writeapoem,playaninstrumentortalkwithalovedone.Dontlookatsomeoneatthesportscenter,onthemagazineorthemodelsonthebeachtojudgeyourself.Onlyonethingisnecessarytobeagainsttherulesthatrequireweshouldbethintobevalued.Weshouldhaveachoicetolive,reallyliveafullandcolorfullifewhereyouresatisfiedwithwhoyouare,nothowyoulook.首尾段定位法首尾段定位法-看首段看首段【即学即即学即练】1.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkabout?A.BeingthinisntgoodthingB.HowtocultivatebeautyinsideC.HowtochangeourappearanceD.Weshouldtryhardtokeephealthy看尾段看尾段首尾段定位法首尾段定位法-看尾段看尾段【例例题】Therehavebeenbigchangesintheattitudesofmostparentsoverthelastfewyears.Physicalpunishmentisbannedinschoolsinmostcountries,andinmanycountries,therearemovestobanallphysicalpunishmentofchildrenevenathome.However,manyparentsstillbelievethattheyhavetherighttousesomephysicalpunishmentstodealwithcertainmisbehavioratcertainages.Itseasytofindreasonstoallowsomephysicalpunishments.Oneissueisthatmanyparentsfinditverydifficulttoabandonphysicalpunishmentcompletely.Parentsarguethatthiswasthewaytheywerebroughtupandthatitdidntdoanyharmtothem.Theybelievethatforthechildssaketheyhavetherighttodisciplinethechildinanywaytheyconsiderfit,includingusingsomephysicalpunishments.Theotheroneisthatphysicalpunishmentcanbequickandeffective.Thereisnotmuchpointreasoningwithascreamingchildinthesupermarket.However,thereareseveralreasonswhyweshouldstopusingphysicalpunishment.Onepointisthatmostparentsarenottrainedtodealwithmisbehavingchildren.Theydonthaveenoughresourcesorchoicestohandlethesituation.Asaresult,theyimmediatelyreactbyhittingthechildevenifthereareothersolutionstotheproblem.Anotherpointisthatunlesspeoplearechallengedorforcedtochangetheirbelief,theymaykeepfollowingnegativehabits.Anexampleisseatbeltusenowmostpeoplewearseatbeltswithoutthinking,whileyearsagotheideaofusingseatbeltswa。