
基于单片机的车站自动报站系统设计.doc
49页基于单片机的车站自动报站系统设计摘要公交车是城市发展不可或缺的一部分,并随着科技的进步,公交车的报站 系统也得到了很大的改善本设计采用模块化设计了由单片机控制的公交车自 动报站系统该系统由硬件电路部分和软件程序部分共同实现的其中硬件部 分是由一个微型计算机作为控制主体,该微型计算机采用 STC 芯片,并且在控 制主体上分别安装 ISD 语音模块和 LCD 液晶显示模块利用无线通讯原理,在 站台和控制主体上分别安装 NRF 无线收发模块,来实现站台与控制主体之间信 息的传递信息传递的原理是站台向一定范围内发射信号,当公交车行驶到这 个范围内,就会接收到信号信号通过 NRF 无线接收模块送给单片机,利用单 片机控制语音播报模块和 LCD 显示模块 系统的软件部分是利用 C 语言编程,然后利用 Keil 软件把编程好的程序 编译生成文件,再用开发板把生成好的文件烧录到单片机中本设计的优点是 节省人力资源、价格便宜、安全性强,准确性高关键词:单片机,液晶显示器,无线收发模块,语音模块Design of The Automatic Station Report System Based on MCUABSTRACTAs we know, bus takes important part in the development of cities. Bus-stop auto-announce system improves greatly with the technological progress. We designed the automatic station report system based MCU, using the pattern of modularization. The system consisted of two parts-hardware circuit and software program. The core control of the hardware circuit is microcomputer which takes the STC chip furthermore installs ISD voice module and LCD module. Using the wireless communication principle, respectively, we installed wireless receiver and transmitting module on the core control to achieve the information transmission between station and controlling core. The mechanism of the information transmission is that station sends the signal within a certain range, so that the bus in this range can receive signal. The signal transmits to microcontrollers through NRF wireless receiver and transmitting module, which regulates ISD voice module and LCD module. The software of the system was programmed in C. Development board burns the document compiled by Keil software. Our design is outstanding because of the economy in human resources, material benefit, strong security and high accuracy. Keywords: Microcontrollers, Liquid crystal display, Wireless receiver and transmitting module, Voice module目 录第一章 绪论..................................................................11.1 课题背景与研究意义......................................................1 1.1.1 课题背景 ..........................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义..........................................................1 1.2 国内外发展..............................................................1 1.2.1 国内发展现状......................................................2 1.2.2 国外发展现状......................................................2 1.2.3 国内外发展总结....................................................2 1.3 研究的主要内容 .........................................................2 1.4 本章小结 ...............................................................3第二章 系统总体设计.........................................................42.1 功能介绍................................................................4 2.2 系统的总体设计思路......................................................4 2.3 系统的设计概念 .........................................................5第三章 报站系统硬件设计....................................................63.1 单片机简介 .............................................................6 3.1.1 STC12c5a60s2 单片机 ...............................................6 3.1.2 引脚图及引脚说明..................................................7 3.1.3 特点..............................................................7 3.2 显示模块................................................................7 3.2.1 lcd12864 简介及引脚说明...........................................7 3.2.2 接口电路..........................................................9 3.3 语音模块................................................................9 3.3.1 ISD4004 简介及引脚说明 ............................................9 3.3.2 接口电路.........................................................11 3.4 无线收发模块 ..........................................................11 3.4.1 NRF24L01 简介及引脚说明 ..........................................11 3.4.2 NRF24L01 工作模式 ................................................13 3.4.3 接口电路.........................................................14 3.5 原理图设计和 PCB 设计...................................................14第四章 报站系统软件设计...................................................184.1 显示系统设计 ..........................................................18 4.1.1 系统显示流程图...................................................18 4.1.2 LCD 显示程序 .....................................................194.2 语音模块设计 ..........................................................19 4.2.1 语音播报流程图...................................................19 4.2.2 语音播报程序.....................................................20 4.3 发射模块的系统设计.....................................................21 4.3.1 发射模块的流程图 .................................................21 4.3.2 发射程序.........................................................22 4.4 接收模块的系统设计 ....................................................23 4.4.1 接收模块流程图 ...................................................23 4.4.2 接收程序 .........................................................24 4.5 软件简介 ..............................................................26 4.5.1 Keil 软件 ........................................................26 4.5.2 Altiu。
