2018-2019人教新目标高中英语选修六课件：unit 1 period 3

1、Unit 1 Art Period 3 Learning about Language语法专题课 虚拟语气(),【课前热身】 用所给词的适当形式填写下列句子并体会各句中谓语的共同特点。 If he _(study)at this school, he would know you well.,studied,If the rules of perspective _ (not discover), no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.,had not been discovered,If it _(be)Sunday tomorrow, I _(go)and see my friends. I wish that I _(see)her yesterday. Id rather you _(be)here now. The doctor suggested that my sister _ (try) to lose weight.,were,would go,had seen,were,(shoul

2、d) try,【课堂诠解】 语气(mood)用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气有三种, 分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实, 而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。,. if条件句中的虚拟语气 1. 一般用法。 在if引导的条件状语从句中, 如果动词所描述的事情不是真实的, 那么从句和主句的谓语部分常用动词的虚拟形式来表达。这种if从句也被叫做非真实条件句。其具体原则如下:,If _(没有水)in the world, everything _(会死). (be; die),there were no water,would die,If we _(走那条路), we _ _(可能到达)here in time for the meeting. (take; arrive) If it _(下雪) tomorrow, I _(待在)home. (snow; stay),had taken that way,might have,arrived,snowed/should snow/were to snow,would st

3、ay at,【巧学助记】虚拟语气用法口诀(1) 英文句子三语气, 陈述祈使和虚拟; 条件句中表虚拟, 时态退后是真理; 有be用were须牢记, 吾酷卖书主中提。 虚拟将来有偏方, were to/ should来帮忙; 可能由大到小量, 过式/should/ were to成行。,说明: 吾(would)酷(could)卖(might)书(should)是谐音 助记。“主中提”指的是在主句中必出现的情态动词。,2. 省略if的用法。 当if虚拟条件句中有should, had, were三个词时, 可将if省略, 并将这三个词放到句首, 从而构成“should/had/were+主语+谓语动词的其他部分”的部分倒装句式。,If he should agree to go there, we would send him there. _ to go there, we would send him there. If I had known it earlier, I wouldnt have lent him the money. _, I wouldnt have lent hi

4、m the money.,Should he agree,Had I known it earlier,If it were necessary, I might go without delay. _, I might go without delay.,Were it necessary,. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1. wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气, 表示无法实现的愿望。从句中动词的具体用法如下:,那时她要是接受我的建议就好了。 I wish she _ then. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。 I wish _. 要是我们明天去北京就好了。 I wish we _.,had taken my advice,I were better looking,would go to Beijing tomorrow,2. would rather后宾语从句中的虚拟语气, 表示有对某件事的相反的愿望。从句中动词的具体用法如下:,我们宁愿你明天去那儿。 Wed rather _. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车。 Id rather she _ before borrowing the car. 坦

5、率地说, 我希望你没有卷入这件事。 To be frank, Id rather _ the case.,you went there tomorrow,had asked me,you were not involved in,3. 特殊动词后宾语从句的虚拟语气, 这些特殊的动词多表示“命令, 建议, 要求”等, 其后的宾语从句中的谓语形式为“should +动词原形”, should可以省略。,老师劝我们要好好地利用在学校的每一分钟。 The teacher advised that we _ every minute in school. 有人建议每个学生都要唱一首英文歌曲。 It is suggested that each student _ in English.,should make good use of,(should)sing a song,【名师指津】 当insist的意思为“坚决认为, 坚持说”; suggest的意思为“表明, 暗含, 暗示”等时, 宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。例如: Tom insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch. 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。,His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam. 他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。,【巧学助记】 虚拟语气用法口诀(2) 后接宾语从句用虚拟语气的特殊动词有: 一“坚持”: insist; 二“命令”: order, command; 三“建议”: advise, suggest, propose/recommend; 四“要求”: request, require, demand, desire。,【课堂小结】 1. if条件句的虚拟主句和从句的动词时态都要根据句中所假设的时间做相应的变化。 2. wish和would rather从句的虚拟则只把宾语从句的动词时态根据句中所假设的时间做相应的变化。,3. 表示“命令、建议、要求”等的特殊动词后的宾语从句的虚拟语气谓语用“(should)do”形式。,

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