帕金森病【PD】
58页1、Parkinson sDisease ZhangluM D Ph D DepartmentofNeurology Outline PartA SummaryofParkinson sdiseasePartB MolecularbiologyofParkinson sdisease PARTA SummaryofParkinson sdisease1 History2 Epidemiology3 Riskfactors4 Clinicalfeatures5 Neuropathology6 Functionalneuroanatomy7 Neurochemistry8 Therapy9 Diagnosis10 Summary HistoryofParkinson sdisease PD Firstdescribedin1817byanEnglishphysician JamesParkinson in AnEssayontheShakingPalsy ThefamousFrenchneurologist Charcot furtherdescribedthesyndromeinthelat
2、e1800s History JamesParkinson 1755 1824 whilebestrememberedforthediseasestatenamedafterhimbyCharcot wasamanofmanytalentsandinterests Publishingonchemistry paleontologyandotherdiversetopics hewas earlyinhiscareer asocialactivistchampioningtherightsofthedisenfranchisedandpoor HiseffortsinthisareawereenoughtoresultinhisarrestandappearancebeforeThePrivyCouncilinLondononatleastoneoccasion Incollaborationwithhisson whowasasurgeon healsoofferedthefirstdescription intheEnglishlanguage ofarupturedappendi
3、x ANESSAYONTHESHAKINGPALSYCHAPTERIDEFINITION HISTORY ILLUSTRATIVECASESSHAKINGPALSY ParalysisAgitans MonographbyJamesParkinson1817 JamesParkinson HistoryofParkinson sDisease Hissmallbutfamouspublication EssayontheShakingPalsy appearedin1817 7yearsbeforehisdeathin1824 Theclinicaldescriptionof6patientswasaremarkablemasterpiecetestifyingtohisprodigiouspowersofobservationformostofthe6wereneveractuallyexaminedbyParkinsonhimself rather theyweresimplyobservedwalkingonthestreetsofLondon EpidemiologyofPDT
4、hemostcommonmovementdisorderaffecting1 2 ofthegeneralpopulationovertheageof65years ThesecondmostcommonneurodegenerativedisorderafterAlzheimer sdisease AD IncidenceofPD Age Incidence 100000 PrevalenceofPD Age Prevalence 100000 EpidemiologyofPD MaybelessprevalentinChinaandotherAsiancountries andinAfrican Americans Prevalenceratesinmenareslightlyhigherthaninwomen reasonunknown thougharoleforestrogenhasbeendebated RiskfactorsofPDAge themostimportantriskfactorPositivefamilyhistoryMalegenderEnvironmen
5、talexposure Herbicideandpesticideexposure metals manganese iron wellwater farming ruralresidence woodpulpmills andsteelalloyindustriesRaceLifeexperiences trauma emotionalstress personalitytraitssuchasshynessanddepressiveness Aninversecorrelationbetweencigarettesmokingandcaffeineintakeincase controlstudies EtiologyofParkinson sDisease Degenerationofthesubstantianigra withLewybodies Parkinson sdisease PARK 1 a Synuclein PARK 2 Parkin mitochondrialdysfuction oxidativestress geneticsusceptibiliesDeb
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