初中英语被动语态讲解.ppt

1、被动语态,the Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+ （及物动词）过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,温馨提示： 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词如：come, go, happen, take place, 等没有被动语态。 eg. Great changes have taken place in this town in the past ten years.,7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. died,happen, last, die等动词不使用被动.,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双

2、写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,English is spoken by us.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,： 宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。,1. They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.,变为被动语态,一般现在时被动结构：,am/is /are +过去分词,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike is ridden to

3、his factory every day.,We call the snowman Mr. Strong.,The snowman is called Mr. Strong.,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,He bought some fruits yesterday.,Some fruits were bought yesterday.,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,He may carry the basket easily.,The basket may be carried by him easily.,Our students mustnt smoke cigarettes.,Cigarettes m

4、ustnt be smoked by our students.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,3. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are + being +PP,They are holding a sports meeting now.,A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.,They are playing volleyball now.,Volleyball is being played (by them) now,4.She was interviewing the famous man at this time yesterday.,The famous man was being interviewed by her

5、 at this time yesterday.,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were + being +PP,He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.,Basketball was being played at 8:00 last night.,5.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+ be +过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes.,Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes.,They are going to have an even

6、ing party tomorrow.,An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.,is/am/are going to + be + pp,8.We have made twenty keys,Twenty keys have been made by us.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has + been+过去分词,Workers have built the house since two years ago.,The house has been built since two years ago.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 情态动词： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 现在完成时： 过去进行时：,S+am/is /are +P.P S+was/were +P.P. S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P. S+ will+be+ P.P. S+ am/is/are + being + P.P. S+ have/has + been+ P.P. S+ was/were+being

7、+ P.P.,被动语态的用法,1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。,这块手表是中国制造的。 This watch is made in China.,2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者,每年都应该种更多的树。 Many trees should be planted every year.,何时使用被动语态呢？,3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.,4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。,许多房屋被冲走了。 Many houses were washed away by the flood.,汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that coffee is bad for our h

8、ealth. 据推测说 It is supposed that ,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989,Exercises: 一.选择填空: Windows of glass. be made B. is made C. are made D. been made 2. The house in 2004. is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can for keeping warm. be used B. is used C. been used D. used,C,C,A,4. Watches_ Shanghai. A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made 5. This desk is made _ wood. A. of B. from C. in D. b

9、y 6.The things on show were _ the old days. A. used B. used to C. used for D. used in 7. Silk _ in Hangzhou and Suzhou A. is produced B. are produced C. produced D. is produces,A,A,D,A,1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。,如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。,* Great changes have taken place in this city.,* That bike doesnt belong to Mike.,不用被动语态的几种情况：,不用被动语态的几种情况：,2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态,have / fit,I have a TV set.,The coat fits me well.,3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。 【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误】The blackboard is looked at by you,不用被动语态的几种情况：,4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态,这鱼味道很好。,这条围巾摸上去很软。,The fish tastes good.,The scarf feels soft.,5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如： 【正】You must look after yourself 【误】Yourself must be looked after,4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。,这书很好卖。,这种布

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