初中英语2024届中考重难考点突破与提分策略（动词语态语气）

1、中考英语重难考点突破与提分策略（动词语态语气）【考点一】各种时态的被动语态的构成被动语态是由“be +过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数相一致。常见的被动结构有(PP代表过去分词):常用时态被动结构例句一般现在时am/is/are+PPEnglish is spoken by many people in the world.一般过去时was/were+PPThey were given a warm send-off.一般将来时will/shall be+PPA new bridge will be built over the river next year.现在进行时am/is/are+being+PPI think we are being followed.过去进行时was/were +being+PPThey told me that they were being questioned by the police.现在完成时have/has been+PPAll flights have been cancelled

2、because of the fog.过去完成时had been+PPHe asked if Mary had been sent to hospital.含情态动词can/may/must be+PPSomething must be done to stop these accidents.【考点二】主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变为被动语态时,通常遵循以下三个步骤:(1)首先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)再把主动语态的谓语动词改为与其时态相对应的被动形式,且与被动语态的主语保持人称和数的一致。(3)最后将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语,置于句后。“by +宾语”在句中常省略。如下图所示【注意】主动语态变被动语态的两个特殊点(一)含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句1.常把间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语仍然放在动词后面不变。2.用直接宾语作被动句的主语时,间接宾语前有时要加介词to(在send, pass, write, give, show, bring等动词之后)或for (在buy, cook, make, order, choose等动词之后)。(二)含有复合宾语的主动

3、句变为被动句1.由形容词、名词作宾语补足语的句子,变为被动语态时,只需把宾语变为主语即可。2.在主动句中,不定式用作动词:请(please)、听(hear, listen to)、观(look at, see, notice, watch)、感(feel)、使(make, have)、让(let)、助(help)等的宾语补足语时要省去不定式符号“to”,但在变为被动语态时要加上“to”。【拓展迁移】“主动变被动,时态不用动”,即助动词be的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态一致。【特别提示】感使动词的主动与被动口诀感使动词好奇怪,to来to去费神猜。主动句里to拿走,被动句中to回来。【提分攻略】一、两步解决语态题Step 1:判定语态1.观察是否有被动语态的标志词by;2.看动词与主语的关系,主语是动作的承受者时,用被动语态;3.如果是“物”作主语,有可能用被动语态。Step 2:确定时态寻找时间状语或上下文暗示时态的词,确定具体用什么时态。二、主动语态变被动语态口诀宾语提前主语变,时态人称be关键;过去分词勿变错,原主变宾by后见。【提分专练】1.Pay attention, please

4、! Nobody _ with others during an exam.A.is allowed talkingB.allows talkingC.is allowed to talkD.allows to talk2.In the storyA Christmas Carol, Marley was mean, so he _ after he died.A.punishedB.was punishedC.is punishedD.punishes3.It is reported that the Shenzhou-13 spaceship _ into space successfully on October 16th, 2021. How proud we Chinese are!A.sentB.is sentC.was sentD.sends4.It was said that enough money _ for the children in the earthquake area.A.raisedB.will raiseC.was raisedD.has raise

5、d5.The 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games _ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou next year.A.holdsB.will holdC.were heldD.will be held6.To ensure (确保) the safety and health of athletes and all the people, tickets for Beijing Winter Olympics _ only to domestic audience (境内观众) in December.A.were soldB.will sellC.sellD.will be sold7.It is difficult for us to know ahead of time when an earthquake will _.A.be taken placeB.happenC.take placeD.be happened8.Mum, my bike is broken.It needs _.What a pity! You

6、r dad will have it _ soon.Dont worry.A.repairing; repairedB.to be repaired; repairingC.to repair; to repairD.repairing; to be repaired9.Ones first birthday is a special event in China and it _ with a special party.A.showsB.celebratesC.is shownD.is celebrated10.Chinese tea_ to many countries around the world every year.A.sendsB.sentC.is sentD.was sent11.What does the sign say?Parcels _ from the post office between 9 a.m.to 5p.m.A.can collectB.can be collectedC.dare collectD.dare be collected12.Th

7、ese days, teenagers often have to do what they _ to do.Its not good for their independence.They need to think on their own.A.tellB.are tellingC.are told13.Many children dont know that wood _ paper.A.used to makeB.is used to makeC.is used to makingD.are used for14.I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.You know they_by the hard-working cleaners every day.A.cleanB.are cleanedC.are cleaningD.will clean15.The streets _ many times every day.A.cleanB.cleansC.cleanedD.are cleaned16.In Chin

8、a, red _ celebrations and people _ thiscustom(习俗).A.is used for; are used toB.is used to; are used forC.is used to; are used toD.is used for; are used for17.Can you tell me how often these flowers _?A.require wateringB.require wateredC.are required wateringD.are required to water18. Perfect photos! Good skills! Thanks.They _ by my Huawei mobile phone.In fact, Im not skillful at all.A.tookB.is takenC.were takenD.will be taken19.To keep our classroom clean and tidy,the floor must _ every day.A.sweepB.be sweepingC.be swept20.We all know that Anti-Japanese War _ in 1937 and _ for eight years.A.broken out; was lastedB.was broken; lastedC.broke out; lastedD.was broken out; was lasted21.Your classroom looks so clean and tidy! Yes, it _ every day.A.cleansB.cleaningC.cleanedD.is cleaned22.At home, students should _ to look after themselves from a young age.A.educateB.be educatedC.are educatingD.are educated23.Over $30,000 _ for a childrens hospital

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