(完整word版)初中状语从句讲解及习题附答案

1、（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句扁开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、 让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句 子。（二）状语从句详解1.时间状语从句引导词用法示例whe n意为当的时候。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话 时也没有人相信。When he arrives , I II call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while意为“在的时候，在 的同时”。While引导从句 的谓语动词必须是延续性 的，发生时间较长，并强 调主句和从句的动作同时 发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While I was standing at t

2、he window, I saw several boys running along the street.While Joh n was watchi ng TV, his wife was cook ing.as意为一边一边。As引导的动作是延续性 的，发生时间较短，一般 用于主句和从句动作同时 发生；as也可以强调一前 一后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because some one had inv aded hisspace .He smiled as he stood up.after意为在之后。表示主 句动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don stay too long at your table after you have fini shed.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a s

3、ce ne is over.before意为“在之前”。引导的 从句不用否定形式的谓 语，并且当before引导的 从句位于主句之后，有时 译成“就，才”。当主句用 将来时，从句总是用现在 时；如果before引导的从 句谓语用的是过去时，则 主句动词多用过去完成 时，这样以便体现动作的 先后。You can t watch TV before you finish your homework.Before it en ded, the theatre was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.till意为“直到”。一般情况下 可以和until互换。如果王 句中的谓语动词是瞬时动 词时，必须用否定形式； 如果主句中的谓语动词是She didn even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shak ing ( moving from side to side) light.The firema n worked ver

4、y hard延续性动词时，用肯定和 否定形式都可以，但表达 的意思不同。till the fire was out.un til意为“直到”。在强调句型 中多用until。如果主句中 的谓语动词是瞬时动词 时，必须用否定形式；如 果主句中的谓语动词是延 续性动词时，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表达的 意思不同。I mwaiting for my sister. I won go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.sin ce意为“自从，从以来”。 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词。一般情况下， 从句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时。但在It is + 时间+since从句的句型 中，主句多用一般现在时。I have bee n study ing hard since I en tered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beiji ng.It is fi

5、ve years mon ths since our boss was not in Beiji ng.as soon as意为“一就”。引导时 间状语从句时，如果主句 用了将来时，从句一般使 用现在时。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为哪里。where引导 的地点状语从句，（there+）Where there is a will, there is a way.主句”“哪里哪里就”。 主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；主句在从句的 前面时，一般都不用there.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意为“无论何地”。 anywhere/wherever 弓丨导地 点状语从句+主句。any where

6、本身是个副词，但 是常可以引导从句，相当于 连词，意思相当于 wherever, any where 引导的从句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever本身就 是个连词，表示“在何处， 无论何处”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seama n.I II go any where you go.3条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。 当主句是将来时的时候， 从句要用一般现在时。Don t talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We ll go for a picnic if it doesn t rain this weekend.uni ess连词，意为除非（=if not）。当主句是将来时的 时候，从句要用一般现在 时。Don t discuss the problems with your part ner uni ess you are asked to do so.I won t go there uni ess y

7、ou come with me.4原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因状 语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气 比 since弱，较为正式， 位置较为灵活（常放于主 句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you cbetter take a taxi.As you are tired, you Cbetter rest.si nee意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句一般放于主句之 前表示已知的、显然的理 由（通常被翻译成“既 然”），较为正式，语气比 because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shi ne on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the win ter, and in Bost on, wi nters are cold.Since everybody is here.

8、Lets begi n our meeti ng.because意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句一般放于主句之 后，表述直接原因，语气 较强，最适合why引导的 疑问句。Because引导的 原因状语从句有时可以与 because of短语互换。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I dlike to collect stamps because they are in teresti ng.I mvery tired these days because of study ing physics.He can t come because he is ill. =He can t come because of his ill ness.for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行 为发生的直接原因，只提He must be ill, for he is abse nt today.供一些辅助性的补充说 明，for引导的原因状语从 句只能放于主句之后，并 且必须用逗号将其与主句 隔开。He could not hav

9、e see n me, for I was not there.5目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便”。目 的状语的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动 ?词。Try to speak loud eno ugh so that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Gree n speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意为“为了”，相当于sothat. in order to 后面可以 跟动词原形构成目的状 语，不是目的状语从句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arran geme nts.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为如此以至于。so+ adj./ad v 原级 +that, so是副词，只能修饰形容词和副 词。so还可与表示数量的形 容词 many, few, much, little（这四个形容词表示多 或少时）连用,形成固定搭 配。so+ many 或few+复数 可数名词+that; so+ much或This year it has rained so heavily in South China that lots of problems are

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