毕业论文-基于单片机的电机控制

1、本科毕业论文（2013届）题 目基于单片机的电机控制学 院理学院专 业光信息科学与技术班 级学 号学生姓名指导教师完成日期2013年5月杭州电子科技大学本科毕业论文摘 要无线电遥控技术，起源于无线电通信技术，最初的构想是建立无线电电报技术，随着真空电子管的发明，使得无线电技术很快在民用和军用等各个领域普及。随着电子技术的持续发展，遥控技术有了日新月异的发展，遥控装置的中心控制部件已从早期的分立元件、集成电路逐步发展到现在的单片微型计算机，智能化程度大大提高。同时单片机的急速发展，使其应用领域也逐渐的由传统的控制扩展为控制处理、数据处理以及DSP等领域。无线通信是利用电磁波在自由空间中传播的一种通信方式。近些年在通信领域中发展最快、应用最广的的就是无线通信技术。本次使用专用芯片NRF24L01。NRF24L01是由NORDIC生产的工作在2.4GHz2.5GHz的ISM 频段的单片无线收发器芯片。无线收发器包括：频率发生器、增强型“SchockBurst”模式控制器、功率放大器、晶体振荡器、调制器和解调器。输出功率频道选择和协议的设置可以通过SPI 接口进行设置。几乎可以连接到各种单片机

2、芯片，并完成无线数据传送工作。同时，当工作在发射模式下发射功率为0dBm 时电流消耗为11.3mA ，接收模式时为12.3mA，掉电模式和待机模式下电流消耗更低。PIC16F877A价格便宜,抗干扰性能强,驱动能力强,汇编指令极少,易于使用到简单控制场合。所以，本次通过PIC16F877A单片机对遥控车进行电机控制，包括前进，后退，左转，右转四个动作。关键词：NRF24L01； 无线通信； 电机控制； PIC16F877A ABSTRACTWireless telecontrol technology，originated in the radio communication technology, the initial idea is to build a wireless telegraph technology, with the invention of the vacuum tube radio technology soon popularity in the civil and military and other fields. With the continued

3、development of electronic technology, remote control technology has been the rapid development of the center of the remote control device to control components from the early discrete components, integrated circuits and gradually developed into the single chip microcomputer, greatly improving the degree of intelligence. The rapid development of the single-chip, its application areas have gradually expanded from the traditional control field of control processing, data processing and DSP.The wire

4、less communication method of communication is the use of electromagnetic wave propagation in free space. The fastest growing in recent years in the field of communication, the most widely used is the wireless communication technology. Using a dedicated chip nRF24L01，NORDIC production work in the 2.4GHz 2.5GHz ISM band single-chip wireless transceiver chip. A wireless transceiver comprising: a frequency generator, enhanced SchockBurst mode controller, a power amplifier, a crystal oscillator, modu

5、lator and demodulator. Output power channel selection and protocol settings can be set through the SPI interface. Almost can connect to a variety of single chip, and complete wireless data transmission. Meanwhile, when the transmit power of 0dBm when the current consumption of 11.3 mA in transmit mode and receive mode 12.3mA, lower current consumption in power-down mode and standby mode.PIC16F877 is cheap, strong anti-interference performance, driving ability, very little assembly instructions,

6、easy-to-use simple control applications. Therefore, the remote control car through the PIC16F877 microcontroller for motor control, including forward, backward, turn left, turn right four actions.Keywords: NRF24L01 Wireless Communication Motor control PIC16F877A目 录1.绪 论.11.1单片机应用系统概述. .11.2电机控制.21.3无线遥控技术.21.4无线遥控小车国内外现状.22.小车的总体设计.42.1小车的车型设计. .42.2小车的驱动模块. .42.3小车的控制模块. .42.4小车的无线通讯模块. .52.5小车的总体设计. .63.电动机原理.73.1电动机介绍. .73.2直流电动机原理. .73.3 L298N驱动电路. .84.遥控原理.94.1 NRF24L01模块结构和引脚说明.94.2 NRF24L01工作模式.104.3 小车的遥控原理.

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