2022年考博英语-北京大学考试题库及模拟押密卷72（含答案解析）

1、2022年考博英语-北京大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Over the years, Jimmy Connors ( ) phenomenal displays of tennis and temperament at the US Open last week, he exhibited both again.问题1选项A.has treated spectators withB.has treated spectators forC.has treated spectatorsD.has treated spectators to【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。treatwith“用招待”。句意：过去几年，Jimmy Connors曾向观众展现了他的网球球技及个性特点，在上周的美国公开赛上，他再次展现了这两点。因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Experimental sciences, based on the observation of the external world, cannot aspire to completeness; the nature

2、 of things, and the imperfection of our organs,_.问题1选项A.are likely opposing itB.are opposed to it and the likeC.are alike opposed itD.are opposing it likewise【答案】B【解析】考查固定用法。be opposed to“反对”是固定用法，and the like“等等”。句意：实验科学是建立在对外部世界的观察基础上的，不能追求完备;事物的本质和我们器官的缺陷等等都与之相违背。因此B选项符合题意。3. 单选题Ironically, the intellectual tools currently being used by the political right to such harmful effect originated on the academic left. In the 1960s and 1970s a philosophical movement called postmodernism developed amo

3、ng humanities professors （1） being deposed by science, which they regarded as right- leaning. Postmodernism （2） ideas from cultural anthropology and relativity theory to argue that truth is （3）and subject to the assumptions and prejudices of the observer. Science is just one of many ways of knowing, they argued, neither more nor less （4） than others, like those of Aborigines, Native Americans or women. （5） ，they defined science as the way of knowing among Western white men and a tool of cultural

4、 （6） .This argument （7）with many feminists and civil-rights activists and became widely adopted, leading to the “political correctness” justifiably（8） by Rush Limbaugh and the “mental masturbation” lampooned by Woody Allen.Acceptance of this relativistic worldview （9） democracy and leads not to tolerance but to authoritarianism. John Locke, one of Jeffersons “trinity of three greatest men,” showed （10） almost three centuries ago. Locke watched the arguing factions of Protestantism, each claiming

5、 to be the one true religion, and asked: How do we know something to be true? What is the basis of knowledge? In 1689 he （11）what knowledge is and how it is grounded in observations of the physical world in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Any claim that fails this test is “but faith, or opinion, but not knowledge.” It was this idea that the world is knowable and that objective, empirical knowledge is the most （12）basis for public policy that stood as Jeffersons foundational argument for

6、 democracy.By falsely （13） knowledge with opinion, postmodernists and antiscience conservatives alike collapse our thinking back to a pre-Enlightenment era, leaving no common basis for public policy. Public discourse is （14）to endless waning opinions, none seen as more valid than another. Policy is determined by the loudest voices, reducing us to a world in which might（15） right the definition of authoritarianism.问题1选项A.satisfied withB.angry withC.displeased atD.proud of问题2选项A.discountedB.doubte

7、dC.adoptedD.shared问题3选项A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.culturalD.relative问题4选项A.variableB.validC.valuableD.various问题5选项A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Furthermore问题6选项A.assimilationB.inhibitionC.representationD.oppression问题7选项A.resonatedB.agreedC.appealedD.responded问题8选项A.likedB.approvedC.verifiedD.hated问题9选项A.offsetsB.producesC.underminesD.strengthens问题10选项A.whenB.whatC.whyD.which问题11选项A.foundB.definedC.dictatedD.claimed问题12选项A.practicalB.equalC.usefulD.equitable问题13选项A.identifyingB.equippingC.equati

8、ngD.confusing问题14选项A.deducedB.introducedC.conducedD.reduced问题15选项A.decidesB.causesC.makesD.creates【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D第6题:D第7题:A第8题:D第9题:C第10题:C第11题:B第12题:D第13题:C第14题:D第15题:C【解析】（1）考查形容词辨析。Satisfied with“对感到满意”；angry with“生某人的气”；displeased at“使不快”；proud of“为而感到骄傲”。句意：在20世纪60年代和70年代，一场名为后现代主义的哲学运动在人文学科教授中兴起，这些教授被他们认为是右倾的科学驱之门外，他们感到非常不满。因此选项C符合题意。（2）考查动词辨析。discount“打折扣；低估；忽视”；doubt“怀疑”；adopt“采取；过继”；share“共享，分担”。Postmodernism 后现代主义与ideas想法之间缺少的动词选择“采纳、采取”更合适。句意：后现代主义采纳了来自文化人类学和相对论的思想因此选项C符合题意。（3）考查形容词辨析。objective“客观的”；subjective“主观的”；cultural“文化的”；relative“相对的”。空格处后面的并列连词and用来连接truth的两个属性：其中一个是subject to 受制于，为符合语义应选填relative。因此D选项符合题意。（4）考查形容词辨析。variable“易变的，多变的”；valid“有效的，合法的”；valuable“有价值的”；various“各种各样的”。句意：他们认为，科学只是众多认知方式中的一种，并不比其他方式多或少。按照上下文，只有valid“有效的”符合，因此B选项符合题意。（5）考查逻辑关系。however“然而”表转折关系；therefore“因此”表因果关系；otherwise“否则”表转折关系；furthermore“此外”表递进关系。前文说科学只是众多认知方式的一种，后文提到对科学的定义，由此可知前后文为递进关系，因此D选项符合题意。（6）考查名词辨析。assimilation“同化”；inh

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