英语语法详解-名词性从句
17页1、English Grammar名词性从句名词性从句 名名词词性性从从句句是是由由if, whether, that 和和各各种种疑疑问问词词充充当当连连接接词词所所引引导导的的从从句句,其其功功能同名词一样。能同名词一样。一主语从句一主语从句主主语语从从句句是是在在复复合合句句中中充充当当主主语语的的从从句句,通通常常放放在在主主句句谓谓语语动动词词之之前前或或由由形形式式主主语语itit代代替替,而而本本身身放放在在句句子子末尾,句子的谓语动词用法同末尾,句子的谓语动词用法同第三人称单数第三人称单数。That/Whether/Where/When/Why he was chosen made us puzzled.It made us puzzled that/whether/when/where/why he was chosen.但应注意,如果是由疑问代词但应注意,如果是由疑问代词what.whatever.whoever等引导的,等引导的,表示的是一个具体的东西或人,不可用引导词表示的是一个具体的东西或人,不可用引导词“IT”替换替换。Whoever is tired may
2、rest.What she said gave me great confidence. 1. 1. 1. 1. 用用用用it it it it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词名词 从句从句 It is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识(2) It is 形容词形容词 从句从句 It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词不及物动词 从句从句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎 It occurs to me that 我想起我想起(4) It 过去分词过去分词 从句从句 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It has been proved that 已证实已证实 It is said that 据说
3、据说 3. 3. 3. 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况:主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况:主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况:主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况:(1)It is said /reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. That President Hu will visit US next week is said. (2)It happens/occurs结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (3)It doesnt matter how/whether 结结构构中中的的主主语语从从句句不不可可提提前前。例如:例如: It doesnt matter whether he
4、 is wrong or not. Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. (4)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如:)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? Is that will rain in the evening likely? 3. what 与与that 在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成分,如主语宾语表语,而成分,如主语宾语表语,而that 则不然。例如:则不然。例如: 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. It is right what you said yesterday.It is a consolation that she is still alive. 二宾语从句二宾
5、语从句二宾语从句二宾语从句 宾宾语语从从句句就就是是在在复复合合句句中中作作宾宾语语的的名名词词性性从从句句,通通常常放放在在主主句句谓语动词谓语动词 (及物动词及物动词) 或介词之后。或介词之后。1. 作动词的宾语作动词的宾语 (1) 由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略通常可以省略), 例如:例如: I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如:引导的宾语从句,例如: She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如:动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语,作介词的宾语,例如:例如: Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one a
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