【英文读物】The Limits Of Atheism
11页1、【英文读物】The Limits Of AtheismPREFACE. The object of these pages* is not to defend the intellectual accuracy of Atheism (which could not be attempted in this brief space), the object is to explain its case, to vindicate its moral rectitude, and the right of those who hold these views, to legal equality. There are two Atheisms in literaturethe ancient one of mere negation; and the affirmative form, whose relevant name is Cosmism, and of which Humboldt, in his Cosmos, is a great illustrator, and Comt
2、e, in his Positive Philosophy, an expounder. The term Cosmism ought to supersede the misleading term Atheism; just as Secularism has superseded the libellous term Infidelity. Cosmism, as well as Secularism, expresses a new form of Freethought, and I use the term Atheism, as the subject of a Lecture, for the first time here. It is a worn-out word, used by Theists in hateful senses. I employ it, as a title, to-day for political reasons, in order to show those who make it a ground of civil exclusio
3、n, that it is a thing of law and limits: that the reputed Atheism of English working men, so far as it prevails, is no longer the old Atheism of mere negation, but the Cosmism of modern science; neither dissolute, anarchical, nor impiousrecognises that the universe is, without theorising why it is. Negative Atheism says there is nothing beyond the universe. Cosmism says it cannot explain anything beyond, and pauses where its knowledge ends. *A report of a Lecture delivered in Bendalls Assembly R
4、ooms, City Road, London, March 8rd, 1861.Atheism questionsCosmism affirms. The language of Cosmism is that of the poet in the Purgatory of Suicides: I do not saythere is no God, But this I sayI know not.I prefer Secularism, which concerns itself with the moral life of man, and maintains a well-advised neutrality upon these speculative questions. My sympathies are with Adam Bede, that striking and greatest creation of modern genius, in which the National Review recognised The strong-headed, manly
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