
2022年职称英语考试不定式备考攻略.docx
6页2022年职称英语考试:不定式备考攻略 多数参与职称英语考试的考生,已参与工作多年,且绝大多数人在各种事业单位和国有企业中工作,工作过程中很少有英语应用时机,个人英语力量相对于大学已经有明显退步所以,英语语法的复习就成了备考中既重要又让考生头痛的环节 新东方网络课堂职称英语团队整理了历年考试中重点涉及的语法学问点,并将在近期间续推出,以帮助职称英语考生来重新熟识并到达娴熟运用 非谓语动词是常考察和较难的一个语法点,盼望通过对非谓语动词用法的详解,可以帮忙考生更好的把握非谓语动词的相关考点,为进展阅读学习打下良好的语法根底 非谓语动词的概念:非谓语动词也叫非限定动词或动词的非谓语形式 包含的动词类型:非谓语动词主要包括动名词、不定式和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外, 具有动词的局部语法特征,可以担当句子的任何成分下面分别对不定式类型协作例句进展讲解 不定式 1、动词不定式形式:(to)+do具出名词、形容词、副词的特征;否认式:not+(to) do 2、不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 常用句式有: 1、It+be+名词+to do。
2、It takes sb.+some time+to do 3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do 4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do 常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批判的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其规律主语 (2)作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 假如不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didn”t go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. /He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend. 留意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词假如是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. 假如不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词: He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 假如不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式规律主语: He is the first to get here. 3、难点解析 (1)接不定式或动名词在意思上有区分的动词: fmean to do想要(做某事)propose to do准备(做某事) mean doing意味(做某事)propose doing建议(做某事) forget to do遗忘(要做的事)remember to do记得(要做某事) forget doing遗忘(已做的事)remember doing记得(已做过的事) regret to do(对将要做的事)圆满go on to do继而(做另一件事) regret doing(对已做过的事)懊悔go on doing连续(做原来的事) fstop to do停下来去做另一件事 stop doing停顿正在做的事 (2)以下动词短语中的to是介词,后面应接动名词或名词: object to,resort to,react to,contribute to,look forward to,be accustomed to,be committed to.be exposed to,be subjected to,be devoted to,be dedicated to,be opposed to,be reconciled to,be contrary to。
