英语一轮复习资料-必修3-Unit4-Astronomy-the-science-of-the-stars.doc

Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars知识梳理课标解读话题1. Science of the stars(恒星科学) 2. The development of life(生命的发展)3. Space travel and gravity(太空旅行和重力)功能Instructions(批示)语法Noun clauses as the subject(主语从句)重点词汇及拓展1. system (n.) 系统；体系；制度2. atmosphere (n.) 大气层；氛围3. unlike (prep.) 不同；不像4. chain (n.) 链子；连锁；锁链5. oxygen (n.) 氧6. puzzle (n.) 谜；难题 (vt. & vi.) （使）困惑；（使）为难7. gravity (n.) 万有引力；重力8. satellite (n.) 卫星；人造卫星9. climate (n. ) 气候10. crash ( vi.& vt.) 碰撞；坠毁11. spaceship (n.) 宇宙飞船12. pull (n. & vt.) 拉（力）；拖；牵引力13. float ( vi.& vt.) （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 ( n.) 漂浮物14. mass (n.) 质量；团；块；大量；（复）群众15. astronomy (n.) 天文学→astronomer (n.)天文学家16. theory (n.) 学说；理论→theoretical ( adj.)理论上的17. globe(n.) 球体；地球仪；地球→global (adj.)全球 性的；全世界的18. violent ( adj.) 剧烈的；剧烈的；强暴的→ violence(n.) 暴力→violently( adv.) 剧烈地19. presence ( n.) 出席；到场；存在→present( adj.& n.& v.) 在场的；目前，目前；出席；颁发，授予20. harmful ( adj.) 无害的21. exist ( vi.) 存在；生存→existence (n.) 存在，生存重点短语 1. In time 及时；终于 2. Lay eggs 下蛋 3. Give birth to 产生；分娩 4. In one’s turn 轮到某人；接着 5. Prevent...to... 制止；制止 6. Block out 挡住（光线） 7. Cheer up 感到快乐；感到振奋 8. Now that 既然 9. Break out 突发；爆发 10. Watch out 密切注视；当心；提防重点句型1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a soild globe. 随后它会变成什么没有人懂得，直到38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一种固体的球状物。

2. Thih produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develope. 这就产生了一系列的反映，使得生命就有也许开始发展了3. Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. 我的朋友李彦平是一位宇航员，上个月我有幸得到一种机会同她一起去太空旅行4. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发现我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了重点单词】——回忆 流星划过，了然心底exist in 存在于... ... 之间exist on 靠... ... 为生There exists/existed 某地有... ...；存在... e into existence 产生；成立；开始存在in existence 存在1.exist (vi.) 存在；生存 The laid-off workers mainly exist on bread and tea.下岗工人重要靠面包和茶生存。

‚There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.有一种解决目前地理问题的号措施即境活用】( ) （吉林长春期中）The two sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still_____between them.A. happen B. exist C. survive D. appear【重点短语】——强化 措施独具，举一反三1. in time 及时；终于 The doctor came in time to save the boy. 医生及时赶来救了那个孩子【有关短语】in no time 立即；立即 at no time永不…… at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度 at a time 一次；每次 all the time 始终；始终；老是 on time 准时；准时 take one’ s time不着急；慢慢来 You will succeed in time. 你迟早会成功的I jumped into the river in no time.我立即跳到了水中。

I lost myself at one time.曾经一度我迷失了我自己即境活用】( ) （陕西， 24） The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will____.A.in particular B. in turn C.in charge D.in time2. prevent...from.... 使……不做事；制止……做某事 Eg, His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’ s game. 【辨析】prevent / stop/keep sb. from doing sthprevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中from不可省略，由于keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人始终做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’ s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，由于没有keep sb’ s doing sth. 的句型。

【即境活用】( ) What we are sure about is the need to keep children______.A.from spoiling B. From being spoiled C.spoiling D.being spoiling3. now that既然【辨析】now that/because/since/as/fornow that是固定短语，意为“既然；由于”，引出因素状语从句，that可以省略because“因素”，表达直接的或为人所不懂得的因素since“既然”，可与now that 互换，侧重与主句as“由于”，表达显而易见的或已为人所知的因素for“由于”，并列连词，引导一种分句，不能置于句首即境活用】（ ）（上海联考）Kids should be encouraged to take part in community service_____the voluntary spirit can take root in their minds from childhood.A.in that B.now that C.so that D.procided that4. break out【有关短语】break away from 脱离（党派）；挣脱（控制） break down毁掉；坏掉；(筹划/谈判)失败break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断 break into sth. 强行进入某处 break one’ s word/promise食言；说话不算数【辨析】come about/happen/take place/break out/occur come about发生，相称于happen, take place。

背面不可以给宾语，也不可以使用被动语态happen强调偶尔发生take place指按筹划、按安排发生break out 多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的忽然爆发occur 常用于句式： sth occurs to sb 注意：以上这些单词和短语的主语都不可以是人，也不可以用于被动语态【即境活用】用break短语填空1). A terrible earthquake_______ _______ in Qinghai on the morning of April 14, .2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas?3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______.4). His house was _______ _______ last week. 【重点句型】——凸显 用心剖析，模型规律【重点句型】1. This produced a chain rea。