牛津高中英语模块5-Unit3-重点词汇讲解..doc

词语点击ReadingAdopt[ 例题 ] 单项填空1. The new tax would force companies to ______ energy-saving measures.A. adopt B. carryC. adapt D. accept2． The old couple decided to ______ a boy and a girl though they had three of theirown.A. adapt B. bringC. receive D. adopt3. Our eyes slowly ______ to the dark.A. adopted B. adaptedC. fitted D. matched[ 讲解 ] adopt 主要有“收养”、“采用”两个意思如：She adopted a child whose parents were dead.她收养了一个父母双亡的孩子The government decided to adopt the plan.政府决定采纳这个计划We adopted several measures to deal with the disease.我们采取了一些措施来对付这种疾病。

[ 联想 ] adopt 的名词是 adoption，其过去分词 adopted可以单独用作形容词，表示“领养的，采纳的” 如：He was pleased by the adoption of a little girl.他对收养了一个小女孩感到高兴He is their adopted son.他是他们的养子the adoption of new technology新技术的采用[ 拓展 ] adopt 和 adapt 的区别：adopt 意思是“采纳”、“收养”； adapt意思是“改编”、“使适应”通过以上讲解可知上面的例题答案为： 1. A； 2. D； 3. B[ 练习 ] 用 adopt 或 adapt 的适当形式完成句子1. Our school ______ a new teaching method lately.2. They are not my real parents; I am ______.3. He tried hard to ______ himself to the new conditions.4. Since the ______ of the new working method, production has gone up.1. has adopted / adopted 2. adopted3. adapt 4. adoptionGrammar词语点击alternative 可用作名词和形容词。

◆ 作名词，意为 “可供选择的事物、选择余地 ”，是可数名词如：They had no alternative in the matter.在这件事上 ,他们没有选择的余地That ’ s the only alternative.那是惟一的选择◆ 作形容词，意为 “可供选择的 /替代的 ”如：Please find alternative means of transport.请找别的运输方法Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?你有别的办法来解决这个问题？[ 拓展 ] 比较 alternative, choose和 select：alternative 作名词或形容词，多指两者之间的选择，有 “非此即彼 ”之意；choose 是动词（其名词形式是 choice），适用范围最广，可与 from 或 between连用它一般指主观上的选择，有最终选定的含义；select 用作动词，多用于正式场合，指仔细地、审慎地精选，强调客观性，所挑选的对象一般是相同种类的field 的主要意思有 “田地，牧场；场地，领域 ”等如：Many farmers are working in the fields.许多农民在田里干活。

They rode through forests and fields.他们骑马穿过森林和原野A football field is one hundred yards long. 足球场有一百码长He has become very famous in his own field. 他在自己的领域里已经非常有名了◆ field 前的介词：在 field 前通常用介词 in 或 into，但在 sports field 和 battle field 前常用 on如：Don’ t walk in the tomato field.不要在番茄地里走Why do you want to go into this field again? 你为何还想进入这个领域？He was killed on the battle field.他在战场上丧生◆ field 的数：field 作“田地 ”讲时通常用复数形式，除非仅指一块田地如：The fields are all white when it snows.下雪的时候大地全白了involve v. 包含，需要；牵涉，牵连；参加，加入后面常接名词和 V-ing 形式。

如：This lesson involves a lot of work.这一课需要做的工作有很多The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题Don’ t involve other people in your trouble.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去He was involved in a boring discussion.他卷入了无聊的讨论中[ 联想 ] involved adj. 被涉及的，有关联的involvement n. 卷入，参与，加入[ 拓展 ] get / be / become involved in 被卷入 ；包含在 ；与 有关，专心地做involve sb in sth. / in doing sth. 使参与be involved with 与 有牵连，与 有关projectFavour[例题]单项填空1.May I ask a favour ______ you?A. ofB. for C. toD. on2.The decision was ______ his favour.A. ofB. for C. inD. to3.Could you do me ______ favour and help me carry that heavy suitcase?A. aB. the C. /D. an4.I was ______ him. In other words, I agreed with what he had just said.A. in favour ofB. in honor ofC. in face ofD. in point of[ 讲解 ] favour 可作名词和动词。

★ 作名词意为“帮助，恩惠；赞同，支持；偏袒，偏爱”等如：Could you do me a favour and pick up Tom from school tomorrow?明天你能帮我个忙去学校接汤姆吗？The suggestion of closing the factory has found favour with many local people.关闭这个工厂的建议已经得到许多当地人的支持As a mother, she showed no favour to any child.作为母亲，她没有偏袒任何一个孩子★ 作动词意为“较喜欢，选择；优惠，特别照顾，偏袒；有助于，有利于” 如：Our teacher favours Mary.我们的老师偏爱玛丽Fortune favours the brave.幸运眷顾勇者The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.温暖的气候对多种热带植物有利[ 拓展 ] in favour (of sth. / sb. ) 支持，赞同in sb.’s favour 对某人有利ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮个忙do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙通过以上讲解可知上面例题的答案为： 1-4 ACAA 。

[ 联想 ] favourable adj. 有利的；给人印象好的；赞同的，支持的；优惠的favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的n. 特别喜爱的人或事；得到偏爱的人[ 练习 ] 用 favour 的适当形式翻译下列各句1. 你偏爱哪个颜色 ?2. 学生赞成改革3. 他将这视为极大的恩惠4. 谁是你特别喜欢的作家？favour1. Which colour do you favour? / What is your favourite colour?2. The students were in favour of reform.3. He regards this as a very favour.4. Who is your favourite writer?majority 是名词，意思是 “大多数 ”， “大部分 ”，“多数票 ”等如：The majority were / was against the plan.多数人不赞成这个计划The resolution was passed by a large majority.这个决议以多数票通过[拓展]1. 一般可以说 : the majority of the books / eggs / people 等, 不可以说：the majority of the milk / land / time 等；2. majority 作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数；若强调团体中的个体，谓语动词用复数； majority 构成的 the majority of 短语。