2022年全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4课文原文及翻译.docx

They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could standin their way. Russia's icy defender was toprove them wrong.人道是骄兵必败.就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧 , 他们所向披靡 , 便以为自己战无不胜 , 不行阻挡.但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了.The Icy Defender Nila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of theRussian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the longmarch across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪卫士奈拉· B·史密斯1812 年, 法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯.他预备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抗击.他预备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科.但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭受劲敌—俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬.2 In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military可编辑资料 -- -- -- 欢迎下载might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon beforehim, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.1941 年, 纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒攻击当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯.希特勒的军事实1力堪称无敌.他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抗击.希特勒期望速 战速决 , 但是, 就像在他之前的拿破仑一样 , 他得到的是痛楚的教训.仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力.Napoleon's Campaign3 In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.拿破仑发起的战争1812 年春, 拿破仑在俄国边疆屯兵 60 万.这些士兵受过良好训练 , 作战力强 , 装备精良.这支军队被称为大军.拿破仑对马到胜利布满自信 , 预言要在 5 个星期内攻下俄国.4 Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight.可编辑资料 -- -- -- 欢迎下载Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became boggeddown by slow-moving supply lines. 不久, 拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国.拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生.令他惊奇的是 , 俄国人并不奋起抗击.相反, 他们一路东撤 , 沿途焚毁庄稼和民居.大军紧追不舍 , 但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来.5 In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, theRussians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army. Or should hekeep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter. 到了 8 月, 法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战 , 这一战争中 , 双方各有上万人阵亡.可是 ,俄国人仍能在自己的国土上连续后撤.拿破仑未能取得准备性的胜利.此刻他面临着一个重要挑选.是连续追击俄国军队 , 仍是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克 , 在那儿度过将到的冬天 .6 Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.拿破仑孤注一掷 , 准备向远在 448 公里之外的莫斯科进发. 1812 年 9 月 7 日,法俄两军在莫斯科以西 112 公里外的鲍罗季诺激战.夜幕降临时 ,3 万名法国士兵以及 4.4 万名俄国士兵或伤或亡 , 倒在了战场上.可编辑资料 -- -- -- 欢迎下载7 Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory.The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shalllet the Russian winter fight the war for us." 俄国军队再次撤往安全之处.拿破仑顺当进入莫斯科 , 然而, 对该市的占据成为毫无意义的胜利.俄国人弃城而走.法国人进城不久 , 一场熊熊大火烧毁了整个城市的三分之二.拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战 , 但沙皇深知他可以等待时机 : “且让俄罗斯的严冬为我们战争吧.” 8 Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.拿破仑很快意识到 , 他无法在冬天向远在莫斯科的军队供应粮草，供应御寒衣物和宿营之地. 1812 年 10 月, 他命令大军撤出莫斯科.9 The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. Ashort distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.法军的撤离成为一场噩梦.俄国人出没于田野与森林 , 接受打了就跑的战术 ,向法国人发起攻击.刚出莫斯科城 , 气温就降到摄氏零下 4 度.11 月 3 日降下初可编辑资料 -- -- -- 欢迎下载雪.困乏的马匹倒地而死.大炮陷入雪中.装备只得被用作燃料焚烧.士兵们染病冻死.法国士兵拖着脚步行进 , 一路上留下许多死尸.10 As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retrea。