
表语从句详细讲解及练习课堂PPT.ppt
41页什么叫名词性从句?什么叫名词性从句?n n在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses))n n名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它在复它在复合句中能担任合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语、宾语、表语、同位语等等n n因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句1 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause2名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词连词连词: that / whether / as if (though);连接代词连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever,,连接副词连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever3Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句4Eg. (例子)(例子)①①The person stood in front of you just now is my headmaster. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。
刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长②②I didn’t know that it was you at that time. 当时我不知道那是你当时我不知道那是你③③The door remained closed. 门仍然关着门仍然关着④④Mary’s daily job is cleaning the house. 玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子名词名词充当表语充当表语代词代词充当表语充当表语动词过去分词动词过去分词充当表语充当表语动词动词- ing形式充形式充当表语当表语5⑤⑤The house is not only large but also beautiful. 这所房子不仅大而且漂亮这所房子不仅大而且漂亮⑥⑥When I went to your house, you were out. 当我到你家的时候,你不在家当我到你家的时候,你不在家⑦⑦No one was in the dorm, when she arrived. 当她到达的时候,宿舍里没有人当她到达的时候,宿舍里没有人。
⑧⑧My job is to teach you English. 我的工作是教你们英语我的工作是教你们英语⑨⑨The reason why he came late was that his clock didn’t work. 他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了介词短语介词短语充当充当表语表语副词副词充当表语充当表语形容词形容词充当表语充当表语不定式不定式充当表语充当表语从句从句充当表语充当表语6表语表语结构:放在系动词之后结构:放在系动词之后作用:说明主语的身份、性质、品性、作用:说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和特征和状态状态的的成分:表语常由名词、成分:表语常由名词、代词、代词、形容词、副词、介词形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的短语、不定式、动词的-ing、、数词及数词及从句来充当从句来充当1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English.5. The question is who will do it. 表语从句表语从句71.表语从句的定义表语从句的定义The question is who will do it.The question is difficult.(( 表表 ))表语从句表语从句(( 表表 ))8表语从句的定义:表语从句的定义:表语从句在复合句中作主表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。
表语从句和主语指同一内容,句的表语表语从句和主语指同一内容,它对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容它对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容具体化结构是结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+引导词引导词+简单句简单句((表语表语从从句句))”可以接表语从句的系动词有可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等Definition(定义)(定义)9可以接表语从句的可以接表语从句的系动词系动词有:有:1: be动词动词2: 感官动词:感官动词:feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: 表示状态:表示状态:remain ,keep, stay4: 表示变化:表示变化:become ,get , grow , turn ,go , fall5:证明:证明: prove, turn out 系动词的固定搭配系动词的固定搭配:come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad10连接词:连接词:that / whether /as if /as though连接代词:连接代词:who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词:连接副词:when / where / why / how / because 引导词引导词11观察思考观察思考::指出句子成分指出句子成分Henry was an American businessman.Henry met an American businessman. 主语主语 表语表语主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语(及物动词)(及物动词)连系动词连系动词122. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成主语主语 + 系动词系动词 + 引导词引导词 + 简单句简单句This is why he did it.表语从句放在表语从句放在连系动词连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表之后,充当复合句中的表语。
语What I want to say is that I am tired13Predictive clause 表语从句1. that1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分,无实际意不担任句子成分,无实际意义,一般不能省略义,一般不能省略2)在表“建议,劝说,命令”的名词idea, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”(虚拟语气),should可省略1)My opinion is that it’s getting better and better.2)My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.引导词的用法(引导词的用法(一一))14名词主语名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句引起的表语从句主语名词常常是主语名词常常是表示事实,真理的名词,如:表示事实,真理的名词,如:fact, truth 表示看法,观点、问题、麻烦的名词,表示看法,观点、问题、麻烦的名词,如:如:idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem, 1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.15what 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当______________ 表示表示____________________________.1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语什么,什么样子,或所什么,什么样子,或所…的(人或事)的(人或事)引导词的用法(引导词的用法(二二))16who 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当______________表示表示____.1.The problem is who could do the work2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语谁谁引导词的用法(引导词的用法(三三))17 which 在引导表语从句时在引导表语从句时,常充当常充当_____________ 表示表示 。
如:如: I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is. 定语定语,表语表语其中哪一个其中哪一个引导词的用法(引导词的用法(四四))18nwhether在表语从句中表在表语从句中表 ,但不充但不充当句子的成分当句子的成分if 引导表语从句引导表语从句.如如: 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能引导词的用法(引导词的用法(五五))19whethern现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿童n他提出的第一个问题是:他提出的第一个问题是: 儿子无出息,父儿子无出息,父母也不光彩,是否如此?母也不光彩,是否如此?All that is to be made clear is whether he abducted and sold women and children.The first thing he put forwards was whether a worthless son was a disgrace to his parents.20as if, as though 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面,常用虚拟语气,等后面,常用虚拟语气,表示不存在的动作或状态。
表示不存在的动作或状态e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 主语主语+连系动词连系动词((look/seem/appear……))+that/as if从句从句引导词的用法(引导词的用法(六六))21n*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实,引导的表语从句如果是事实,就用陈述语气,如果与事实不符,就用虚就用陈述语气,如果与事实不符,就用虚拟语气拟语气(主句一般现在时主句一般现在时,,从句就用从句就用一般一般过过去去时时,,be的话变成的话变成were主句是一般一般过去过去时时,从句用过去完成时,从句用过去完成时)nIt looks as if he were her own father.(与事实不符)nDark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.22As /as if、as though 形势并不像外表所看到的那样形势并不像外表所看到的那样她看上去很担忧他父母的病情她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。
他好像疯了似的他好像疯了似的The situation is not as it seems to be.She looks as if she is worried about her father’s disease.It was as though he were mad.23becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.你为什么不来出席座谈会?是病了么?你为什么不来出席座谈会?是病了么?Why were you absent from the forum? Was it because you were ill? 引导词的用法(引导词的用法(七七))24that, why 与与 because 引导表语从句时的引导表语从句时的区别区别 n虽然三者均可引导表语从句,但但 that 没有词义,没有词义,而而 why 和和 because 有自己的意思有自己的意思;另外,虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句,但前者强调结前者强调结果,后者强调原因果,后者强调原因。
如:nThe reason was that you don’t trust her. 原因是你不信任她nThe fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气nHe was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了,所以被送到医院来nHe was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院,是因为他生病了25填填空空: The reason why we didn't trust him is ______ he has often lied..reason 做做主主语语时时,,表表语语从从句句只只能能用用that引引导导, 不不能能用用why 引导句型结构为:引导句型结构为: The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. The reason is that……thatThe reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning ((当主语是当主语是reason时,表语从句要用时,表语从句要用that引导而不是引导而不是because))他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。
他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车 26注意:注意:n主语为主语为reason 时,表语从句连接词用时,表语从句连接词用that, 但以但以it, this, that 开头做主语的句子,开头做主语的句子,则可用则可用because The reason for his being late was that he missed the early bus. She was late this morning. That was because she missed the early bus. * The reason ____ he was late was that he missed the early bus.why27例题例题2::The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of B注意点注意点2:: 主句主语为主句主语为reason, 只能用只能用that引导表语从句,引导表语从句,不可用不可用because.28连接代词连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词连接副词 where, when, how, why。
The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的问题是他是如何做此事的That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的That is where he was born.那就是他出生的地方那就是他出生的地方29where, when, why, how引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接副词连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连除在句中起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、接作用外,在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语,本身具有词义原因状语,本身具有词义e.g. That’s where I can’t agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.30问题在于如何使古为今用,如何使洋为问题在于如何使古为今用,如何使洋为中用。
中用那时我在管伙食那时我在管伙食根本问题就在这里根本问题就在这里他不应该被贪污论罪,道理就在这里他不应该被贪污论罪,道理就在这里The question is how the past is made to serve the present and foreign things are made to serve China.That was when I was in charge of mess.This is where the basic lies.It was why he should not be found of corruption.31n1、、名词主语+名词主语+be++wh-疑问词引导的疑问词引导的从句从句 The trouble is where we can get the things we need.n2、、wh- 引导的主语从句+引导的主语从句+be++that 从从句句 What surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet.n3、、This / That ++ be ++wh-疑问词引导疑问词引导的从句的从句 This is how you make the Italian pizza.表语从句的常用句型:表语从句的常用句型:32表语从句引导词注意事项表语从句引导词注意事项1. that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2. if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.3.除除that外的所有引导词都有自己外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
的意义4. 除除that, whether外的所有引导外的所有引导词都须在词都须在从句中充当相应的成从句中充当相应的成分分 5.表语从句中,从句用陈述句语表语从句中,从句用陈述句语序序331.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game? ---Oh, that's_______ . A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析:: 这是由这是由what 引导的一个表语从句,引导的一个表语从句,在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是使我感到兴奋的事故答案为使我感到兴奋的事故答案为A342.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---Is that_______ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析解析:这是一个由这是一个由why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句,表表示原因示原因.这句话的意思是这句话的意思是"这就是你离开这就是你离开的原因吗的原因吗?"。
故答案为故答案为AA353.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_______ he wants . A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析解析:这是一个宾语从句这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语是一句谚语,意思是意思是"永远给予他人他确实永远给予他人他确实想要的东西想要的东西"故答案为故答案为AA36小结:小结:1. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成: 引导词引导词+简单句简单句2. 引导词引导词: {连词连词that, whether, as ,as if 连接代词连接代词who, what, which连接副词连接副词when, where, how ,why 3. 3个注意点个注意点:①①if 不引导表语从句不引导表语从句②②主语为主语为reason时,引导词用时,引导词用that③③语序语序371. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B. if C. when D. whether2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there384.The problem is _________to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_________I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what397.The problem is_______ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 11.He made a promise_______ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 8.I remember_______ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 9.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBCBB40我想知道的是我们应该走那条路。
nWhat I want to know is which road we should take.41。
