英语专业八级改错与校对练习学生讲义.doc

1改错与校对练习PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION Passage OneIt is very difficult imagine an educational system which transmits values 1.______ seriously in conflict with that of the government and the state, or which 2. ______ contributes nothing to training young people for their future adult work-roles. However, educational systems are often only partial successful. This is partly 3.______ because people have different views of what elements of culture ( norms and values) should be stressed on, and what skills are useful. Such disagreement has 4.______ a fundamental basis in social structure of modem Britain because there is often 5. ______ a contradiction among the two functions of socialization and training. This is 6. ______because the two functions are not easily separate in practice. The norms and 7. ______values transmitted to any group of children have to be somehow relating to the 8. ______ kinds of skills they taught. The culture of the aristocracy is not the same as 9. ______that of working-class neighborhoods in the inner cities. Similarly, training fordifferent sorts of work need to be different: to be proficient in Latin is not 10.______useful to the shop assistant, just as expertise in woodwork is irrelevant to a university teacher.Passage TwoAs people live in a fast-moving world where tensions build up, die effects of long-distance miming are uplifting. Each hill is approached as a positive challenge, causing the runnerto grow strongly with each stride and leading him to tranquility and harmony. 1. ______Long-distance running that helps a person to forget pressure on family 2. ______ problems as well as job related annoyances. An example comes quickly in 3. ______ mind. One day I had a really terrible fight with my landlady over some foolishincident. I screamed and yelled at her but she very nearly threw me out. A few 4.______minutes later, I set for my daily run. By the end of the first mile, the argument 5. ______ seemed like the bad dream. At the end of the fourth mile, I was 6. ______ full with feelings of remorse and forgiveness towards the landlady. I saw how 7.______unreasonable I have been, I stopped at the local flower shop and bought my 8.______landlady a beautiful rose. which I immediately gave her I stepped inside the 9. ______house. Running has that kind of effect on most runners. It makes us feel positive and serene. Incorporating long-distance running into a daily routine will significantly change a runner's life. I do not know whether it comes from following a strict routine the improved physical condition of the runner. 10. _____But I do know that people quickly become addicted to the sport.2Passage ThreeWhat is drug? Most of people probably think there’s a perfect simple 1. _____ answer to this question. In fact, if one carries a quick survey on any street corner,one finds (hat, according to vast majority of people, there are two groups 2. _____ of drugs: those prescribed by doctors, and those people take for non-medical use. As medicine and medical profession are generally self-respectful, there 3. ______ aren't any objections to the use of prescribed drugs. What moat people don’t realize is (hat when prescribed drugs are usually beneficial, they can also 4. ______present a serious problem. There were many people addicted by tranquillizers 5. ______ before doctors began to prescribe them: now there being literally millions who 6. ______depend on (hem. An acceptance of the use of drugs for non-medical reasons is largely a matter of a culture. Some Eastern people think the use of alcohol with 7.______horror, mainly as a result of religious upbringing. However, these similar 8. ______ people freely use marijuana without a second thought, and this, in turn, isn’t accepted in Western culture which accepts alcohol. In most Western societies, the 9. ______tea- or coffee-break' s now a part of the life, And huge quantities of these drinks 10. _______ are consumed daily.Passage FourIn a competitive and fast-paced modem society, busy business executives are so engrossing in (heir work that they hardly know what 1. ______ the word 'leisure" means. The higher an executive’s position is on the business ladder, the more hours he spends on his work. With a view to gaining greater corporate standing or a big pay rise, he, as a rule, far 2. _____exceeds over the 40-hour working week. 3. _____The additional stress and tension as well as the shortage of suitable 4. _____ rest and recreation very often have a disastrous effect on his health. Few such executives realize that unless they learn how to relax, they will soon run of steam before they get to the top of the executive ladder. A noted 5. ______American authority on leisure has said that “The key to relaxation to busy 6. ______ executives is to avoid the types of activities that are part and parcel of their daily work and to devote themselves totally to have recreational 7. ______ pursuits for at least a。