机床主传动系统设计说明书.doc

目录1.摘要·······································································32.绪论·······································································33．设计计算···································································33.1车床的规格系列和用处···················································33.2操作性能要求···························································44.主动参数参数的拟定·························································44.1 确定传动公比φ·························································44.2 主电动机的选择·························································45.变速结构的设计·····························································45.1 主变速方案拟定··························································45.2 变速结构式、结构网的选择·················································45.2.1确定变速组及各变速组中变速副的数目································55.2.2变速式的拟定······················································55.2.3结构式的拟定······················································55.2.4结构网的拟定······················································55.2.5结构式的拟定·····················································65.2.6结构式的拟定·····················································65.2.7确定各变速组变速副齿数···········································85.2.8绘制变速系统图···················································96.结构设计··································································96.1 结构设计的内容、技术要求和方案··········································96.2 展开图及其布置·························································96.3 I轴（输入轴）的设计······················································106.4 齿轮块设计·····························································106.5 传动轴的设计···························································106.6 主轴组件设计···························································126.6.1各部分尺寸的选择·················································126.6.2主轴材料和热处理·················································126.6.3主轴轴承·························································126.6.4主轴与齿轮的连接·················································136.6.5润滑与密封······················································136.6.6其他问题·························································147.传动件的设计······························································147.1 带轮的设计·····························································147.2 传动轴的直径估算·······················································177.2.1确定各轴转速·····················································177.2.2传动轴直径的估算：确定各轴最小直径································177.2.3键的选择·························································187.3 传动轴的校核···························································187.3.1传动轴的校核·····················································197.3.2键的校核·························································197.4 各变速组齿轮模数的确定和校核···········································207.4.1齿轮模数的确定···················································207.4.2齿宽的确定·······················································247.4.3齿轮结构的设计···················································247.5 带轮结构设计···························································257.6 片式摩擦离合器的选择和计算·············································267.7 齿轮强度校验···························································287.7.1校核a变速组齿轮·················································297.7.2校核b变速组齿轮·················································307.7.3校核c变速组齿轮·················································317.8 轴承的选用与校核·······················································337.8.1各轴轴承的选用···················································347.8.2各轴轴承的校核···················································348.主轴组件设计······························································348.1 主轴的基本尺寸确定·····················································348.1.1外径尺寸D·······················································348.1.2主轴孔径d·······················································358.1.3主轴悬伸量a·····················································358.1.4支撑跨距L·······················································368.1.5主轴最佳跨距L0的确定············································378.2 主轴刚度验算···························································388.2.1主轴前支撑转角的验算·············································388.2.2主轴前端位移的验算···············································399.心得体会及参考文献························································40第一部分机床主传动系统设计1.摘要普通中型车床主轴箱设计普通中型车床主轴箱设计，主要包括三方面的设计，即：根据设计题目所给定的机床用途、规格、主轴极限转速、转速数列公比或级数，确定其他有关运动参数，选定主轴各级转速值；通过分析比较，选择传动方案；拟定结构式或结构网，拟定转速图；确定齿轮齿数及带轮直径；绘制传动系统图。

其次，根据机床类型和电动机功率，确定主轴及各传动件的计算转速，初定传动轴直径、齿轮模数，确定传动带型号及根数，摩擦片尺寸及数目；装配草图完成后要验算传动件（传动轴、主轴、齿轮、滚动轴承）的刚度、强度或寿命最后，完成运动设计和动力设计后，要将主传动方案“结构化”，设计主轴变速箱装配图及零件图，侧重进行传动轴组件、主轴组件、变速机构、箱体、润滑与密封、传动轴及滑移齿轮零件的设计关键词】车床、主轴箱、变速系统、主轴组件2.绪论机床技术参数有主参数和基本参数，他们是运动传动和结构设计的依据，影响到机床是否满足所需要的基本功能要求，参数拟定就是机床性能设计主参数是直接反映机床的加工能力、决定和影响其他基本参数的依据，如车床的最大加工直径，一般在设计题目中给定。