2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming话题新人教版选修.doc

2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming话题新人教版选修Global warming could make humans shorter, warn scientists who claim to have found evidence that it caused the world’s first horses to shrunk nearly 50 million years ago.　　In fact, a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a link between the earth heating up and the size of mammals—horses, in this case, the last time the world heated up. The scientists used fossils to follow the evolution of horses from their earliest appearance 56 million years ago.　　As temperatures went up their size went down, and vice versa; at one point they were as small as a house cat, said Dr. Jonathan Bloch, curator of the Florida museum of natural history, was quoted by the ＂daily mail＂ as saying. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammals—and could even make humans smaller.　　＂Horses started out small, about the size of a small dog like a miniature schnauzer. what’s surprising is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then dramatically increased in size, and that exactly corresponds to the global warming event, followed by cooling. ＂It had been known that mammals were small during that time and that it was warm, but we hadn’t understood that temperature specifically was driving the evolution of body size,＂ Dr. Bloch said in the ＂Science＂ journal.　　科学家警告说，全球变暖可能会使人类变矮。

科学家宣称已经找到证据：近5000万年前全球变暖就曾让世界上最早的马个头变小　　事实上，来自佛罗里达州和内布拉斯加州的大学的一支研究团队称，他们已经找到地球变暖和哺乳动物个头之间的联系这一案例中马变矮的现象是上一次全球变暖时发生的科学家用化石来追溯马从5600万年前诞生至今的进化历程　　随着气温的上升，马的个头变小，反之马的个头就变大《每日邮报》援引佛罗里达自然历史博物馆馆长乔纳森•布洛赫博士的话说，它们曾一度像家猫那么小科学家称，当前的全球变暖可能也会对哺乳动物产生同样的影响，甚至可能会让人类的个子也变小　　布洛赫博士在《科学》杂志中写道：＂马最初的个头很小，和一只小狗的个头差不多，大约也就像一只迷你型雪纳瑞犬那么大令人惊讶的是，在马诞生后过了一段时间，它们的个子变得更小，之后个头又显著变大，而这些变化与全球变暖和变冷正好是相对应的＂我们已经知道哺乳动物在那个时期个头较小，而那个时期气候也较暖，但我们还未意识到正是温度驱动着身体大小的进化＂地球再变暖或使蜥蜴进化成恐龙Global warming 300 million years ago triggered the evolutionary burst which caused lizards to evolve into dinosaurs, scientists revealed today. The new research is focused on the carboniferous period, when the supercontinent of Pangea was covered in tropical rainforests ruled by reptiles. Scientists now believe that the earth became significantly hotter during this age— turning rainforests into＂islands＂surrounded by arid deserts. This climatic change caused lizards to adapt to live in drier conditions and led to the evolution of different varieties of dinosaurs.　　这是一个信息大爆炸的时代，也是一个生活大爆炸的时代，但谁也没想过，早已远去的时代未来会在亿万年后又重新回归。

伦敦大学的科学家通过研究发现，30亿年前的一波全球变暖让当时的蜥蜴进化成了恐龙，这一推断让人不禁想到30亿年后的今天，全球气候变暖重演，蜥蜴是否会再次进化成恐龙在30亿年前的石炭纪时代，大陆被热带雨林覆盖，并由爬行动物所统治科学家分析，若变暖趋势加剧，蜥蜴会调整自身以适应干燥气候，再次进化成不同种类的恐龙Dr. Howard Falcon-lang of royal Holloway, university of London, who carried out the research, revealed this global warming indirectly caused the evolution of mammals. he said, ＂we now know that this climate change caused the rainforests to fragment into small ‘islands’ of forest. This change isolated populations of reptiles and caused each munity to evolve in a different direction leading to an increase in diversity.＂　　伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院的科学家指出，全球变暖将首先作用于哺乳类动物，推进它们的进化。

博士Dr. Howard Falcon-lang说：＂我们了解到气候变暖加剧后，会使得大片的热带雨林碎成小的森林岛，而群居的蜥蜴一旦被强行分开就会成为一个个小群体，随之，每个群体之间开始向不同方向进化，最终差异促进进化成功而蜥蜴进化的最终结果有可能成为恐龙＂＂We have discovered for the first time how this evolution occurred after analysing hundreds of fossils from around the globe. This initial burst of global warming significantly affected the evolution of the world and led reptiles to evolve into dinosaurs, birds and mammals.＂据悉，科学家大胆推断出这一结论是通过搜集并研究全球各地的化石而得到的，他们认定，第一波的全球变暖的确影响了生物的进化过程。