高一定语从句专项试题.pdf

高一定语从句专项试题名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 8 页 -2 作者：日期：名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 8 页 -3 定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分关系代词有：who,whom,which,that 和 whose,另外，as也可充当关系代词关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语关系副词有：when,where 和 why在定语从句中充当状语二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who 人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom,which 和 that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人宾语Mr.Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy(whom)she loved died in the war.whose 人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that 人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star(that)I want to see very much.which 物主语，宾语The book(which)I gave you was worth$10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as 人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week?（作 语）I read a report about his new novel that/which will soon be published.（作语）The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last.（作 语）This is the new secretary(who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you.（作语）The soldier whoselegs were badly wounded was operated on without delay.（作语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。

见上例）（二）关系代词that 代替 which 的一些情况which,that 在代替物时，一般可以通用但在有些情况下，只用that先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时例如：This is the best that has been used against pollution.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时例如：This is the last place(that)I want to visit.It is the first American movie of this kind that I ve ever seen.先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时例如：You should hand in all that you have.We haven t got much that we can offer you.先行词前面有the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。

例如：The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.The little money(that)he had was stolen.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 8 页 -4（三）宜用who,而不用 that 的一些情况 先行词是 one,ones,anyone时例如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.Don t tell anyone about the news who oughtn t to know it.先行词是those 时例如：Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况 先行词既有人又有物时例如：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.主句已有疑问词who 或 which 时。

例如：Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（五）与 whose 有关的问题 whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物例如：I saw a woman whosebag was stolen.Please show me the book whose cover is red.当 whose 表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which 的形式例如：The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.The building,the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restaurant.或 The building,of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前例如：Have you seen the pen(which)I wrote the note with just now?（which 作介词 with 的宾语）Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now?但是，要注意的是：介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom 和 which，而不再用that 或 who。

介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for,look after,take care of 等例如：错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking?或 Who is the old man(that/whom)you were talking to?错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep(which/that)the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致例如：Who is the guy that is reading over there?The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.All that needs to be done has been done.He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例中的 all 意为“一切”，作单数。

例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 8 页 -5 that 与 which,who,whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用 that的情况1 先行词为 all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时2 先行词被 all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few 等修饰时3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4 先行词既指人又指物时5 先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时6 句中已经有who 或 which 时，为了避免重复时1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered have been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which,who,whom 的情况1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用 which 指代物，用 who/whom 指人2 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which 指物，whom 指人。

3 先行词本身是that 时，关系词用which,先行词为 those,one,he 时多用 who1.He has a son,who has gone abroad for further study.2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.定语从句专项练习(1)1.The place _i。