Unit 4 Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures—Restrictive Relative Clauses(1)教案课件习题-高中英语必修一.docx

Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures—Restrictive Relative Clauses(1)感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.2.Eleven kilometers directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.3.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.4.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.5.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.6.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.7.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.1.以上定语从句由关系词who，which，that，whose引导，修饰名词或代词，置于被修饰词的后面。

2.关系代词which，that，who在定语从句中可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语；关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫做定语从句被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why等一、关系代词的用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语The number of people who were killed in the accident was over 100.在那次事故中丧生的人数超过了100He is the man who I met yesterday.他就是我昨天遇见的那个人2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。

The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday is John’s brother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用whoThe man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of mine.刚才和你说话的男人是我的一个亲戚3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了4.that既可以指人，相当于who或whom；也可以指物，相当于which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略The woman (that/who/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.我在报纸上读过相关报道的那位女士，她刚刚赢得一枚金牌The report (that/which) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于汽车比赛的。

注意：(1)宜用that不宜用which的情况①当先行词是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代词时All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了②当先行词被all，every，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事④当先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方⑤当主语是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。

Which are the books that you bought for me?哪些是你买给我的书？(2)宜用which不宜用that的情况①关系代词前有介词时The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.我过去住的房子现在已经变成了一家鞋店②在非限制性定语从句中Have you ever read the book，which was written by a young girl?你读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书了吗？③先行词本身就是that时What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么？④关系代词后有插入语时Here is the English grammar book which，I think，can help improve your English.这就是那本我认为能帮你提高英语水平的英语语法书3)宜用who不宜用that的情况①当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，ones，anyoneAnyone who does that must be mad.谁那样做都一定是疯了。

②当先行词是I，you，he，they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉③当先行词为指人的those时Those who have good manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重④在there be结构中，先行词指人时There is a young man who wants to see you.有一个年轻人想见你5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语指物时，“whose＋名词”可用“限定词＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋限定词＋名词”来代替Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(＝Please pass me the book the cover of which/of which the cover is green.)请递给我那本绿皮的书This is the person whose story surprised everybody.就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。

The classroom whose door is broken can hold 40 students.那间被弄坏了门的教室能容纳40个学生二、使用定语从句的注意事项1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的注意：“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的2.为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现[译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人[误]The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.[正]The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.3.关系代词的省略。

1)关系代词作主语时不能省略2)作动词宾语的关系代词可以省略作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略；如果直接位于介词后，则不能省略We visited the house (that/which) Lu Xun once lived in.＝We visited the house in which Lu Xun once lived.我们参观了鲁迅曾住过的房子3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略单句语法填空1.They were well trained by their masters who/that had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)2.The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged(参与) in academic life.(2019·北京)3.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(。