英语重点词汇close和closely作副词用法详解.docx

英语重点词汇close和closely作副词用法详解close 和closely 用作副词意义上有差别Close 是指距离、场所、地点等的“接近，靠近”，可以说是一种实际意义上的“接近”Close to有“接近，几乎，大概，差不多”的意思例如：We live close to the church.我们住在教堂附近They sat close together.他们紧挨着坐在一起He came close to losing his temper.他差一点发脾气了close当形容词则为“亲近、亲密”的意思例如：Tom and I were really close when we were in high school.oClosely 是指抽象意义上的“接近”，多用比喻意义，有“亲密地，严密地，仔细地”等意思例如：The secret must be closely guarded.这个秘密要严加保守He is looking at the bill closely.他正仔细地看着帐单closely主要是副词功能,用来修饰动词时表达“很接近地、紧密地、密切地”例如：The crowd closely watch the players' every move as the clock winds down.随着时间的推移，观众们密切注视着运动员们的一举一动。

副词close 通常放在动词之后，但在过去分词之前要用 closely如：He was standing close to the door. 他靠门站着We followed close(ly) behind him. 我们紧跟在他后面We were so closely packed in the elevator that I could hardly move. 我们在电梯里紧紧地挤在一起，我几乎不能动弹She listened closely while he read. 他读时她仔细听着He closely studied this problem. 他仔细研究过这个问题The two events are closely connected. 这两件事有着紧密的联系o[拓展] 由close 和closely这种意义上的区别，我们可以很轻松地区别high和highly、wide和widely、deep和deeply等一类词带-ly的副词往往用作抽象意义或比喻意义，而不带-ly的副词多用作实际意义例如：He threw the ball high into the air.他把球高高地抛向空中。

high 是指实际意义上的“高”）They spoke highly of his behaviour.他们高度地赞扬了他的行为highly 用作比喻意义“高度地”）The dentist asked me to open wide.牙医要我张大嘴巴wide 是指实际意义的“大、阔”）He is widely read.他博览群书widely 是指抽象意义上的“广泛地”）考向一 形容词、副词的基本用法1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累2.有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末如：though，(ever)since，in case等He is old. He works hard，though.＝Though he is old，he works hard.虽然他年事已高，但他工作还是很努力3.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。

Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.高兴的是，她的继母对她很好4.can not/never 与enough 或too连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越……越好—I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked me down.——我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了—You can never be too careful in the street.— —在大街上你越小心越好考向二 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级1.＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术2.＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。

The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像的那么难3.＂the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥4.a＋形容词比较级＋n.……After two years'research，we have a far better understanding of the disease.研究两年之后，现在我们对这种病有更好的理解We went to the USA in search of a better life.为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国5.比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit 等The students study even harder than before.学生们学习比以前更努力了A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.汽车比自行车跑得快得多。

6.最高级(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing likeThe bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相机2)否定词＋比较级＝最高级There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?——你对他在会议上说的满意吗？—No.It couldn't have been worse.——不，不能再差了巧学妙记】【难点释疑】比较级表示最高级含义1. 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. 在中国，长江比其他任何一条河流都长。

2. 比较级+than all(the) other+可数名词复数China is larger than all the other Asian countries. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大3. no/never/nothing...+比较级Nothing is more valuable than time. 时间比任何东西都珍贵4. ＂否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词＂或＂否定词+副词的比较级＂表示＂从未……；未曾……＂This film is very moving. I have never seen a better one. 这部电影很感人，我从没有看过一部比它更好的考向三倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句①This building is three times higher than that one.This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。

②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是2008年的三倍③After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍考点四多个形容词修饰名词的顺序多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词→数词→描绘词→(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) →出处→材料性质→类别→名词a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports car考点五 形容词、副词辨析形容词副词的区别及用法1. late 和laterHe is late. He is half an hour late.他迟到了，迟到了半小时。

Three minutes later, he arrived.三分钟后，他来了2. pleased, pleasing与pleasant（1）pleased的含义是"感到满意，高兴"，后常跟介词at, with例如：I'm pleased to see you here.在这儿见到你很高兴She's。