2022年高三英语二轮 备考抓分点透析专题12 特殊句型和交际用语.doc

2022年高三英语二轮 备考抓分点透析专题12 特殊句型和交际用语【xx年高考命题预测】高中英语涉及的特殊句型包括强调句、倒装句、省略句和反意疑问句高考对于这四种句型的考查很灵活学习的关键是记准确各个句型出现的条件xx年高考考生应特别注意1、基本的句型条件；2、句型中的时态交际用语的考查重点应注重文化差异，在平时的学习中注意英语的交际规则和交际模式，防止母语思维定势的干扰和影响，形成英语思维方式重难点突破】一、 强调 在使用英语时，有时要突出或强调某个词、词组或句子，这时就要用到强调结构1、强调句基本句型：“It is/ was + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分”强调句型可以强调一个句子的主语、宾语、表语及状语等成分如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，可以用that或who(whom)连接其他成分；被强调的成分是表示人以外的词，例如表示事物、时间或地点的词，用that连接其他成分一般疑问句：Is /was +被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is /was + that/ who + 其他成分.（xx·陕西卷）23．It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most. 【C】 A．who B．which C．that D．what（xx·重庆卷）32—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?— Of course, I have．It was in our village it was made．【A】 A．that B．where C．when D．which（xx·四川卷）15．Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went famous．【B】 A．where B．that C．which D．what2、not …until 也可用于强调句型（xx江西）6. It was _____ he came bank from Africa that year ____ he met the girl he would like to marry. 【C】 A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 3、It’s + 地点状语+ that…（强调句）It’s +地点名词+ where… (定语从句)It is the town where I was born.　(the town 为地点名词，定语从句)It was in the town that I was born.　(in the town为地点状语，强调句型)4、It’s + 时间名词+ when…(时间状语从句)It’s + 时间状语 +that…(强调句)It was at 8 o’clock that he returned.　(at 8 o’clock是时间状语，强调句)　It was 8 o’clock when he returned.　　(8 o’clock 是时间名词，时间状语从句)5、借助助动词do对谓语动词的强调要借助于助动词do加动词原形，而且do有人称、时态和数的变化。

这种强调形式主要用于祈使句以及一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中xx四川）19．If you have a job， yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．【A】 A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting二、倒装句英语通常的语序是主语在前，谓语在后如果谓语的一部分或者全部提到主语之前，这种语序就是倒装如果把全部谓语放在主语之前，就称为完全倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装1、 完全倒装1）、用在以here, there, now, then等副词开头的句子中（xx0陕西）17.John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. 【D】 A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl如果主语是人称代词，则主语和谓语的位置不变Here it is.2）、为了强调，或为了紧密衔接上下文，常将表语放在句首，颠倒主语和谓语的次序。

Present at the meeting were Mr. Smith, Mr. Green and many other celebrities.3）、为了使句子生动、流畅，可把in, out, down, over, off, away之类用作状语的副词放在句首，采用完全倒装句中的谓语动词多是行为动词，而且是不及物动词Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes4）、当介词短语位于句首作地点状语时，也常常用完全倒装xx重庆）33. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. 【A】A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie2、部分倒装1）、用在省略了if的虚拟条件句中（把were, had或should移至主语前），采用部分倒装。

Were she here, she would help us.(=If she were here, she would help us.)2）、在表示祝愿的句子里，谓语动词或谓语动词的一部分，要放在主语的前面May you succeed!3)、用在以so开头、表示谓语所述情况也适用于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中，表示“也一样”，“也这样”结构为：so + 系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语或者由neither, nor引导的，表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人（或东西）的句子（否定句），表示“也不”He can speak English, so can we.They haven’t prepared their lessons. Nor/Neither have I.注意：so + 人称代词（同一主语）+ 助动词，这种结构中的主谓是正常语序，用以重述前面的情况，以表示赞同或强调It was cold yesterday.　　----So it was.注意：so it is/was with + 另一主语，这种结构表示这一主语的情况也如此主要用于上文出现两个以上句子（情况），而在逻辑上这些句子表现同一主语，通常是有肯定和否定的混合句。

或有两个（以上）谓语Mike likes Chinese but he is not good at Chinese. So it is with Tom.注意：主语+ 动词do(某种形式)+so, 此句型用以避免重复前文所述动词及其宾（状）语，表示该句型中的主语做了前文中已提到的动作，此句型中的主语可与前句主语相同，也可以是另外的人She asked me to speak louder and I did so.4）、以never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely, no sooner…than, hardly…when, by no means, nowhere, at no time, not a +名词等表示否定或半否定意义的副词或词组开头的句子中，采用部分倒装xx·福建卷）29．-It’s nice．Never before such a special drink!-I’m glad you like it．【C】 A．I have had B．I had C．have I had D．had I（xx江西）33 Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him.【A】A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun5）、often, many a time, always, once等表示时间的频度副词放在句首时应用部分倒装。

Many a time has he been to Paris. 他去过巴黎多次6）、以only开头的句子（only后面为副词、介词短语或状语从句），采用部分倒装，即把谓语的助动词放到主语之前，谓语用原形xx·湖南卷）32 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______a decision． 【B】 A．they reached B．did they reach C．they reach D．do they reach7）、as/ though引导让步状语从句时，常将句末的表语、动词、副词提至句首xx重庆）16. Unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.【B】A. though was he   B. though he was C. he was though    D. was he though 三、省略在语言运用中，尤其是在口语中，省略是常见的语言现象。

1、在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词中的should可以省略这些句子一般包含如下动词一及其派生词：一坚持(insist)，二命令(order, mand)，三建议(suggest, propose, advise)，四要求(demand, require, request, ask)Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill and her parents suggested that she have a medical examination.It is necessary (important, impossible, strange, natural, a pity, no wonder) that...等主语从句中It is necessary that the problem be solved at once. 2、定语从句中的省略（1）在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who (whom)常可以省略。