主语从句翻译讲解及练习.ppt

CET能力发展计划翻译系列之一：主语从句Definition:主语o主语：句子的核心主体，通常位于谓语之 前，表明一个句子是谁或何种情况所发出 执行或者承受的o句子欣赏oLife is a matter of choice.oLosing can be a real beginning. oThe selfless can be fearless. The ignorant can be fearless. The shameless can be fearless.More ExamplesoI think, therefore I am. oI doubt, therefore I am.oI pay tuition, therefore I am.oI eat, therefore I am.oTo light the candle of heart is better than to curse the darkness of the outside world.oFrom words to deeds is a great space.Definition：主语从句o正传o在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫做主语从句，引 导主语从句的词有从属连词，连接代词，关系代 词，连接副词等，它们在句子中不能省略。

o外传o当充当主语的部分是一个句子时，这个句子就叫 从句因为他们家姓“主”，所以就成为“主语从 句”；又因为这个“主语从句”在这个家中势力强 大，所以干脆整个句子就称为“主语从句”了，外 号“主从”记住十种句型o十种主语从句句型，根据引导词的不同而 划分o十种主语从句的练习句型一：That + 完整句=名词oThat education plays a vital role in all walks of life is clear.oThat everyone may receive at least a senior high school education is significant.oThat all men are created equal and that both men and women should enjoy equal rights are nothing but slogans and desires. 句型二：Whether + 完整句=名词oWhether you can succeed in making your dream come true depends on hard work more than luck.oWhether computer can replace the role of teachers has long been a hot topic.句型三：how + 完整句=名词oHow you think and act will influence your life.句型四：where+ 完整句=名词oWhere we love is home.oWhere our language is stored in the brain and how the form and meaning are stored and whether the form and meaning are stored in the same place or in a different place are still major problems for psychologists to probe into.句型五：when + 完整句=名词oWhen the sun is shining is the best time to repair the roof.oWhen you can finish it depends on your efforts.句型六：why + 完整句=名词oWhy so many people prefer to live in the city is beyond me.oWhy we need to love and hate and why we need to set a clear line between our love and hate are commonplace questions, but these questions, though commonplace, defy easy answers.句型七：whoever + 不完整句=名词oWhoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.oWhoever dares wins.oWhoever seeks obtains. 句型八：which + 不完整句=名词oWhich way you turn is up to you.oWhich girl you choose to be your girlfriend is your decision.句型九：what + 不完整句=名词oWhat’s done can’t be undone.oWhat we do willingly is easy.句型十：Whatever+ 不完整句=名词oWhatever is at the center of our life will be the source of our wisdom and power.oWhatever you love in this world loves you in return.句子翻译练习o你需要的是更多的练习。

oWhat you need is more practice.o他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别oIt doesn’t make any difference whether they join us or not.o很明显他已经尽力而为了oThat he has done his best is obvious.o他们什么时候来还不知道oWhen they will come is still not known.句子翻译练习o她渴望的是更多的钱oWhat she needs is more money.o犯人是如何逃跑的是个迷oHow the criminal escaped was a mystery.o不论谁来都欢迎oWhoever comes is welcomed.o他是如何成功的仍然是个迷oHow he succeeded was a mystery.句子翻译练习o我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定 oWhether we will hold a party outside tomorrow depends on the weather.o她干了什么尚不清楚oWhat she has done is not clear.o她去了哪儿，还不知道。

oWhere she has gone is not known.形式主语句o用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： oa. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… o b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 从所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… 形式主语句o c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… od. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 主语从句和形式主语句的转化o谁去，这不重要。

oWho will go is not important.oIt is not important who will go. o到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗 oWhich team will win the match is still unknown. oIt is still unknown which team will win the match. 主语从句和形式主语句的转化o他还活着全靠运气 oThat he is still alive is sheer luck. oIt is sheer luck that he is still alive.o他们何时结婚依然不明 oWhen they will get married remains unknown.oIt remains unknown when they are going to get married. 主语从句和形式主语句的转化o这一计划是否可行还有等证实 oWhether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. oIt remains to be proved whether the plan is feasible. o书销售如何取决于作者本人 oHow the book will sell depends on its author.oIt depends on its author how the book will sell. 句子翻译练习o据说格林先生已经到北京了。

oIt is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.o众所周知，地球围绕太阳转oIt is known that the earth revolves around the sun.o她是否来杭州这无关紧要，重要的是oIt doesn’t matter whether she comes to Hangzhou or not.。