八年级英语下册M3M4知识点汇总.docx

细心整理M3短语汇总:be up to 正在做 ；忙于 make a model做一个模型 no problem没问题the latest news最新的新闻 on the news 上新闻 several months几个月be far away遥远的 in order to为了 space travel太空旅行go online上网 search for information搜寻信息 hundreds of 成百上千的millions of数百万的 hundreds of millions of数亿的 go around运转solar system太阳系 far enough足够远 communicate with…和……联系 no one没有一个人 in space 在太空 on the earth 在地球上in the universe 在宇宙中 a small part of …的一小局部 a large group of …的一个很大的群体take photos 拍照 come back 回来 arrive at/in 到达 put up 挂起来space station 太空站 decide to 确定去做 be interested in 对…感爱好学问点汇总1. be up to doing sth = be busy doing sth.“忙于……，正在做……”。

拓展：be up to + sb. 取决于某人练习I am busy doing my homework.=___________________________________. 2. I haven’t started yet.yet用于否认句和疑问句，意思是“还，尚”not…yet的意思是“还没，尚未”，表示某事物在某一时间尚未发生，但将来或许会发生e.g. I have not learned any further information yet.我还没得到进一步的信息3. That’s why it’s on the news. 这就是它〔宇宙飞船〕上新闻的缘由that is why…表示“这就是……的缘由”拓展：that's because后接某事发生的缘由 that's why 后接某事产生的结果 例句：I was late for school.That's because I met with an old friend on the way. 我上学迟到了,因为我在路上遇到一位老挚友 I met with an old friend on the way,and that's why I was late for school. 我在路上遇到一位老挚友,因此我上学迟到了。

4. hundreds of millions of years 上亿年的hundred前加基数词，表示“一百、二百、三百……”，hundred要用单数形式；hundred及of连用表示“数百”时，hundred要用复数形式，即hundreds of类似的用法还有：thousand，million，billion练习：We planted _____ trees last year. A. hundreds of B. hundred of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of 5. none 指三个或三个以上的人或物中“没有一个”，其后常接“of +名词/代词”，后面动词单复数形式均可no one表示“没有人”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式练习：None of us ____________ Sanya. 我们都没去过三亚6. in order to do sth in order not to do sth in order that so that We get up early in order to get to school on time. = In order to get to school on time, we get up early .= We get up early we can get to school on time.= We get up early we can get to school on time.7.dicover find invent Can you find my lost dog？Edison invented the light.Who discovered the life on Mars?语法汇总此时此刻完成时〔2〕１. 当表示动作已经完成并对此时此刻有必需影响时，我们一般用此时此刻完成时来表达。

此时，可以分别用just，already或yet加以强调或说明常及此时此刻完成时连用的副词：already，just， yet，ever，neverl just 表示“刚刚”；already 表示“已经”，两者都用于确定句中，一般置于have/has之后；l yet那么可用于否认句和疑问句中，在否认句中表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，而在疑问句中表示“已经”的意思l ever，never可用于否认句和疑问句中，在句中表示曾经，绝不的意思e.g. 1) I have just heard the news.我刚听到消息2) Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航员已经去过月球了3) Man has not discovered any life in space yet.人类尚未在太空中发觉任何生命4) Have the children come home yet? 孩子们已经回家了吗？5) Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？6) We have never heard about it. 我们从没听说过这事。

２. 此时此刻完成时及一般过去时1) 此时此刻完成时表示该事务是在此时此刻之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于强调已完成动作对此时此刻的影响一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情e.g. I have just been to London. I went there last month.我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的2) 当没有明确的过去时间状语时，判定该用此时此刻完成时还是一般过去时的标准是：看该行为是否对此时此刻有影响A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight?你今晚想和我去看电影吗？B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了已经看过了这部电影对此时此刻的影响就是：电影看过了，所以不想再看了】3.区分have/has been to have/has gone to have /has been in have/has gone to 强调的是在去某地的路上或者还在某地，人还没回来have/has been to 强调的是去过某地，人已经回来了。

have /has been in 强调的是待在某地，后跟表示一段时间的状语用have / has been to, have / has gone to或have / has been in填空1. Mr Black _____ Tokyo on business. You can leave a message.2. He ________ China for five years.3. They ______ the desert. They enjoyed themselves very much. 4. The Greens _______ Hangzhou for a trip. You can wait and visit them next weekend.将括号中的单词放到以下句子中1. I have finished my homework. (already)__________________________________________________.2. He has come back from London. (just)__________________________________________________.范文欣赏：There is no life on Mars.But I want to live on Mars. I think it’s really wonderful to live on Mars. It’s more comfortable and interesting than that on earth.On Mars, we’ll have online schools. We can communicate with our teachers and classmates on the Internet. We’ll have many robots and they can help us do most housework. So we’ll have much time for our hobbies. By the way, Mars is very beautiful.There are many green trees and colourful flowers everywhere. There is no pollution.In a word, we have a happy life on Mars.M4短语汇总be harmful to对…有损害 stomach ache 胃痛； 腹痛how long 多长时间catch a cold感冒 take one’s temperature量某人的体温 In front of 在……前面fast food快餐食品 look after照看； 照看 be ill 生病 three times a day 一天三次do erercise 做运动，熬炼visit/see the doctor 看医生 take the medicine 吃药take a dog for a walk 遛狗 take part in sth参及；参加 in excellent condition安康状况良好get to work起先工作 go for a run去跑步 feel awful感到担心适 all over浑身；到处too…to 太…而不能… start doing sth = start to do sth= be。