Non-Finite Verbs 非谓语动词 课件【知识建构+拓展延伸】天津高三英语第一轮复习.pptx

高三英语第一轮复习Non-Finite Verbs非谓语动词Step1:Leading-inStep1Leading-inStep1Leading-inFindouttheerrorsandtrytocorrectthem.Findouttheerrorsandtrytocorrectthem.1.Ordinary soap,using correctly,can deal with bacteria(细菌)effectively.using using 改为改为 usedused2.It is better travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.travel travel 前加前加 toto3.Encouraging greatly,I worked even harder than ever.Gradually,I began to catch up with other students in my class.Encouraging Encouraging 改为改为 EncouragedEncouragedLearningobjectivesTask1.非谓语动词的形式。

Task2.非谓语动词的句法功能Task3.非谓语动词的基本解题思路Step2:KnowledgeReview非谓语动词动词不定式（to do）动词现在分词/动名词（doing）动词过去分词（done）非谓语非谓语动词的基本形式动词的基本形式知识梳理知识梳理1.从时间观念上看：不定式表示将来概念；现在分词表示进行；现在分词的完成式表示完成；过去分词表示被动和完成2.从非谓语动词与相应的逻辑主语的关系来看：若二者为主动关系，则用主动式；若二者为被动关系则用被动式非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词非谓语动词的时态主动形式被动形式不定式一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing-完成式to have doneto have been done现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done过去分词done-非非谓谓语语动动词词可可以以充充当当哪哪些些句句子子成成分分？非谓语非谓语动词的句法功能动词的句法功能主语宾语表语定语状语宾补to doV-ingdone非谓语动词的基本解题非谓语动词的基本解题思路思路 确定动词是确定动词是“谓语谓语”还是还是“非谓语非谓语”。

确定非谓语在所在句中的确定非谓语在所在句中的句子成分句子成分，找，找准准逻辑逻辑主语主语确定确定“时态时态”和和“语态语态”学会判断何时使用非谓语动词学会判断何时使用非谓语动词1.Thegirl_(dance)intheclassroomnow.2.Thegirl_(dance)intheclassroomnowandshelooksveryconfident.3.Thegirl_（dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.is dancingis dancingdancing总结：当所给提示词是当所给提示词是动词动词时时,若句中已若句中已有谓语动词有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时又不是并列谓语时,则则要考虑填非谓语动词要考虑填非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词学.科.网（高考主要考察方向）（高考主要考察方向）1.不定式、现在分词、过去不定式、现在分词、过去分词作分词作状语状语的用法的用法2.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语定语的的用法用法3.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补宾补的的用法用法I.Non-finite verbs as adverbials非谓语动词作状语分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语是主动关系，用doing，是被动关系，用done。

Seeing from the top of the hill,you can find the city more beautiful.Seen from the top of the hill,the city is more beautiful.Non-finite verbs as adverbials非谓语动词作状语1 1、现在分词作状语、现在分词作状语(时间、结果、条件、方式、伴随时间、结果、条件、方式、伴随)（1 1）现在分词作状语时，分词动作与谓语的动作）现在分词作状语时，分词动作与谓语的动作同时或基本同时发同时或基本同时发生生时，用一般体，即时，用一般体，即用用doingdoing形式形式；（2 2）如果）如果分词的动作先于谓语动作发生分词的动作先于谓语动作发生时，用完成体，即用时，用完成体，即用having having donedone形式形式；（3 3）如果是）如果是否定，在分词前加否定，在分词前加notnot，即用，即用not doing sth.not doing sth.或或not not having done sth.having done sth.形式。

形式Notknowingheraddress,wecouldntvisitherinperson.Havingfoundthecause,thedoctorswereabletotreatthedisease.Nothavingbeeninvited,shehadtostayathome.Non-finite verbs as adverbials 非谓语动词作状语2 2、过去分词作状语、过去分词作状语(时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随)过去分词作状语表示分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是过去分词作状语表示分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是被动关系被动关系，如果是否定，用，如果是否定，用not donenot doneGivenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhisdaughter.Non-finite verbs as adverbials 非谓语动词作状语3 3、不定式不定式作作状语状语（目的、结果（目的、结果 、原因）、原因）Tosupporthisfamily,heworkeddayandnight.Alanliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.（1）动词不定式作目的目的状语，意为“为了，以便”。

2）不定式作不定式作结果结果状语时，常用于状语时，常用于“only+todo”结构，结构，表示表示出乎意料的或令人不快的出乎意料的或令人不快的结果Non-finite verbs as adverbials 非谓语动词作状语3、不定式不定式作状语作状语（目的、结果（目的、结果 、原因）、原因）Hewasexcitedtobeofferedthechanceoffurtherstudy.（3 3）不定式表）不定式表原因原因sb.be+表示情绪的表示情绪的形容词形容词（glad,sad,excited,etc）+todo.Thissentenceishardtounderstand.(4)(4)不定式作修饰性状语不定式作修饰性状语Sb./sth.beeasy/hard/difficult/good,ect+todo.Non-finite verbs as adverbials非谓语动词作状语辨析：不定式和现在分词作状语表示结果时的区别不定式表结果时，指没有预料到的、不好的结果I got up only to find it was raining outside 现在分词表示结果包含着一种自然而然的情况。

His parents died，leaving him a lot of moneyPractice1.-Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?-_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.TobegettingC2.Wemustdowhateverwecan_thosewhoareintrouble.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.dohelpAPractice3._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.LostD.To lose4.He sent me an E-mail,_ to get further information.A.hopedB.hoping C.to hopeD.hopeCBbe lost in“沉迷于”lose oneself in“沉迷于”Practice5.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only the film stars had left.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told6.“Cant you read?”Mary said to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.to point D.and angrily pointingBAII.Non-finite form as attributive非谓语动词作定语1.分词作定语a.Therisingsunlooksverybeautiful.b.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeismynewfriend.c.Thesongbeingbroadcastisverypopularwiththeyoungstudents.d.Alostopportunityneverreturns.e.Theycametoasmalltownsurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.总结总结：判断非谓语动词与：判断非谓语动词与被修饰名词的逻辑关系被修饰名词的逻辑关系II.Non-finite verbs as attributives非谓语动词作定语1)动词动词-ing形式作定语可表示形式作定语可表示主动或正在进行主动或正在进行的动作的动作。

如：如：Thewomansendingherchildrentoschoolismyhistoryteacher.Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.2)过去分词过去分词作定语常表示作定语常表示被动或已经发生被动或已经发生的动作的动作如如:Wevemetthedoctorssenttoworkherebythecityhospital.thefallenleavesthefallingleavesII.Non-finite verbs as attributives非谓语动词作定语2.不定式作定语1)不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上可能是作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上可能是主谓主谓关系关系，也可能是，也可能是动宾关系动宾关系如如：Ihavenothingtosay.Shehasalotofclothestowashthisweekend.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Ihaveaquestiontoask.II.Non-finite verbs as attributives非谓语动词作定语2.不定式作定语2)名词名词。