初中英语中考作文常见语法错误整理（共8种）.doc

中考英语作文常见语法错误1.主谓不一致写作时，要注意谓语动词和主语保持一致，同学们容易受汉语思维的影响，不去考虑主语的人称，是单数还是复数错误】例1: A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.例2: He go to school by bike every day.【正确】例1: A number of students are going to learn a foreign language.（许多学生打算学一门外语）例2: He goes to school by bike every day.（他每天骑自行车上学）【分析】例1: 句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式例2: He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es2.时态错误写作中经常在时态方面犯错误英语时态种类繁多，动词的构成形式随着时态的变化而变化动作或动词的时间由跟在动词后的诸如 “着”、“了”、“过”等副词来表示，对同学们来说，掌握英语的时态不是很容易错误】例1: A baby can cry as soon as it was born.例2: I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.【正确】例1: A baby can cry as soon as it is born.（婴儿一出生就会哭）例2: I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.（如果明天下雨，我就不来了）【分析】例1: 对于常识问题，应该用一般现在时态。

例2: "主将从现"，即主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时态3.语态错误动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是，被动式要求有助动词be和一个变异的过去分词形式，其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息，诸如中文里的“被”、“使”、“让”等词语错误】例1: New bicycles must keep inside.例2: The book has to return at the end of the week.例3: The food has cooked例4: Knife should take away from babies【正确】例1: New bicycles must be kept inside.（新自行车必须放在里面）例2: The book has to be returned at the end of the week.（这本书得在周末归还）例3: The food has been cooked.（饭菜已经做好了）例4: Knives should be taken away from babies.（刀具必须远离孩童）【分析】上述例句都没有正确运用被动语态4.固定搭配错误多出现在介词短语的搭配和固定词组的搭配上，其中，特殊动词的搭配和用法错误最为常见。

错误】例1: He suggested to go there on his bike.例2: My teacher explained me the text very carefully.例3: My mother made me to choose the one I liked best【正确】例1: He suggested going there on his bike.（他建议骑自行车去那里例2: My teacher explained the text to me very carefully.（我的老师非常仔细地给我讲解课文）例3: My mother made me choose the one I liked best.（我妈妈让我选了一件我最喜欢的）【分析】我们的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响，经常直接翻译，没有牢牢记住动词的特殊用法和固定搭配比如:suggest doing sth./ explain sth. to sb./ make sb do sth.5.冠词的使用1）冠词的残缺或多余，我们要注意关于含有冠词（不含冠词）的用法以及加冠词与不加冠词的区别，如：in charge of（主动，主语通常是人) 与in the charge of（被动，主语通常是物） / out of question（毫无疑问）与out of the question（不可能）2）冠词the, a, an（不定冠词和定冠词）之间的相互误用。

错误】例1: The air is the most important thing for our existence.例2: The driver brought the car to stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.例3: When sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.【正确】例1: Air is the most important thing for our existence.（空气是我们生存最重要的东西）例2: The driver brought the car to a stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.（司机把车停了下来通过这种方式，他避免了一场事故例3: When the sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.（太阳落山的时候，他还是没有钓到一条鱼）【分析】例1: air是不可数名词，不需要the.例2: stop在此处的意思是站台，表示某一个站台，需要有a来修饰.例3: 太阳是专有名词，需要有the来修饰.6.代词的使用代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、复合疑问代词、指示代词，要注意代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用，关系代词 which, that, as之间的误用，关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用，以及what与how的误用等。

错误】例1: We do not like he.例2: The population of China is larger than those of Japan.例3: His book is different from me【正确】例1: We do not like him.（我们不喜欢他）例2: The population of China is larger than that of Japan.（中国的人口比日本的还要多）例3: His book is different from mine.（他的书和我的不同）【分析】只要区分好这些代词之间的区别和意思，其实这些错误很容易被避免7.连词的使用连词主要有两类，即并列连词和从属连词，考查点主要是并列连词（分递进式、转折式、选择式和因果式四种）之间的误用（主要是but与so/and之间的误用），从属连词之间的误用以及并列连词与从属连词之间的误用等错误】例1: He had little to eat and a large house to live in.例2: He had no sooner arrived when he fell ill.例3: If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital【正确】例1: He had little to eat but a large house to live in.（他没什么吃的，只有一所大房子住）例2: He had no sooner arrived than he fell ill.（他一到就病倒了）例3: If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital（如果你走这条路，你很快就会看到医院）【分析】例1: 结合句意可知，应该表示转折.例2: no sooner than是固定搭配.例3: 已经有了if引导这个句子，就不再需要and.8.名词的使用名词主要考查单数名词变复数名词，受东西方文化差异的影响，英语中除了不可数名词和单数名词用单数外，可数名词要用复数形式。

另外还有一些特殊形式错误】例1: What a beautiful weather we are having today!例2: Please give my best regard to your parents.【正确】例1: What beautiful weather we are having today!（今天天气多么好啊）例2: Please give my best regards to your parents.（请代我向你的父母问好）【分析】例1: 句中weather是不可数名词，不需要a.例2: regard是可数的，所以要加上s.3。