河南专升本英语阅读理解部分.doc

阅读理解第一部分　　(一)　　The rate of population growth is fastest in underdeveloped countries. In these countries a high birthrate is accompanied by a lowered death rate thanks to improved standards of public health. Ideally it should be possible to counter balance the effect of a reduced death rate by an increased use of family planning. In practice, however, population control is a complex matter. Throughout history people have determined the size of their families according to the cultural values of their societies.　　 Population control has long been a subject of discussion among researchers. Some have argued that the supply of good land is limited. In order to feed a large population, bad land must be cultivated and the good land overworked. As a result, each person produces less in a given amount of time and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other researchers have argued that a large population gives more scope for the development of facilities such as sports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. Similarly, it can be argued that the public costs of society will not be so heavy to each individual if they are shared among the members of a large population. 　　 One of the difficulties in implementing birth control lies in the fact that the official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country. In underdeveloped countries where a large population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate. In a welldeveloped society the problem may be more complex. A declining birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a shrinking market. Cities with a declining population may have to face the prospect of a shrinking tax base and a fall in land values. If there are fewer children going to school, teachers may be thrown out of work. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline. 　　人口增长速度最快的是在欠发达国家。

在这些高出生率降低死亡率由1由于公众健康水平提高伴随着国家理想情况下应该可以对付由计划生育增加使用平衡降低死亡率的效果然而在实践中，人口控制是一个复杂的问题纵观历史的人都决定了其家庭的大小根据其社会文化价值 ?人口控制一直是研究人员之间的讨论有些人认为，良好的土地供应是有限的为了养活众多的人口，土地必须是坏的耕地和好地超负荷工作因此，每个人少产生一定量的时间，这意味着更低的平均收入比可以得到一个较小的人口其他研究人员认为，大量人口提供诸如体育，道路和铁路，这是不太可能建造更多的设施的开发范围，除非有一个很大的需求，为它们辩护同样，可以说，社会的公共成本不会那么沉重了，如果他们每个人都属于一个人口众多的成员共享 ?在落实节育的困难之一是，在人口增长的官方态度是因国家不同在那里有一个很大的人口是迫切的食品后，空间和自然资源，这将是执政的第一关注放在出生率限制的限制难以不发达的国家在一个成熟 / 发展的社会问题可能更加复杂阿人口出生率下降可能会导致失业，因为它在市场萎缩的结果人口下降的城市有可能要面对税收减少的前景，在土地价值下降如果有孩子上学少，教师可能会失去工作当有关住房下降，价格下降和人口压力也建筑业减弱。

面对这样的考虑，因为这些发达国家的政府可能更愿意看到一个缓慢增加的人口，而不是一个是稳定或下降 　　 1. One reason for quick population increase in underdeveloped countries is that _______.　　A. those countries encourage people to have large families　　B. people can get government support if they have more kids　　C. improved public health standards have reduced death rate greatly　　D. those countries have enough resources to support a large population　　 2. The writer suggests that policy makers should consider cultural values _______.　　A. in carrying out family planning 　　B. in producing birth control drugs　　C. in improving public health standards 　　D. in introducing birth control techniques　　 3. A large population in an underdeveloped country may lead to _______.　　A. a rise in work efficiency B. a shortage of farm workers　　C. a decline in grain production D. a reduction in average income　　 4. Some people believe that population control in developed countries may _______.　　A. increase market demand B. lower unemployment rate　　C. slow down economic growth D. create more job opportunities　　 5. According to the writer, developed countries prefer _______.　　A. a standstill population B. a fast increasing population　　C. a slowly growing population D. a steadily decreasing population　　1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C在不发达的国家之一，人口迅速增加的原因是_______。

答：这些国家鼓励人们多生育乙人可以得到政府的支持，如果他们有更多的孩子C.改善公众健康的标准，大大降低死亡率四这些国家有足够的资源支持，人口众多?2笔者建议，决策者应考虑_______文化价值答：在实行计划生育B.在生产控制生育的药物C.在改善公众健康的标准D.在实施节育技术?3在一个不发达的一个国家人口众多，可能导致_______答：在工作效率提高二是农场工人短缺三，粮食产量下降四，在平均收入减少?4有些人认为，发达国家的人口控制可能_______A.增加市场需求B.较低的失业率长放缓的经济增长四创造更多就业机会?5根据作家，发达国家宁愿_______答：一停顿人口B：一个人口快速增长三，人口增长缓慢四是不断下降的人口（二）　　There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the prices in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, b。