人称、物主、指示代词.docx

华希”教育www.7口仝 Im口曰 ui- c omT性比课外辆导一、教学重点：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词人称代词1. 主格与宾语人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式，第三人称的人称代词还有性别的变化主格主要用来做句子的主语，在正式文体中也可用作表语；宾格主要用作宾语，在口语中也常用来做句子的表语如下表：主格Iyouheshe计weyouthey做主语宾格meyouhimher计usyouthm做动词、介词的宾语意义我你他她它我们你们他们【说明】在口语中，若省略谓语及其他成分的短句中，人称代词宾格可用作主语如:“He has read the novel. ” “Me too. ” “他看过这小说"我也看过”2. 人称代词的排列顺序两个或两个以上的人称代词并列使用时，对于单数人称代词，按“二三一"的顺序排列；对于复数人称代词，按“一二三 的顺序排列如：You, he and I must obey the rules.你，他和我都得遵守规则We, you and they should stay here.我们，你们和他们都应该留在这1) 若要承担责任或过失时，则通常将第一人称放在前面如：It was I and Tom who were late.迟到的是我和汤姆。

2) 表示男女的代词并排使用时，通常是先男后女如：Nobody likes such things except him and her.除了他和她，没有喜欢那样的东西3. 使用人称代词的几个注意点(1) 指代国家、城市、地球、船舶、(雌性)动物等时，一般用代词计，但也可用she / her(带感情色彩)如：My car's not fast, but she does 50 miles to the gallon.我的车不快，但每加仑油它能跑 50 英里2) 当上文提到的人的性别不明时，一般用he / him来指代如：Whoever told you that, he was lying.无论谁对你那样说，他都在说谎If a person had so much money, he would do it in another way.要是一个人有那么多钱，他就会用另外一种 方法做这事说明】对于 anybody, everybody, nobody, anyone, someone, everyone, no one 这类性另U不明的不定代词，它们可用单数he, him指代，也可用复数they, them指代，用单数较正式，用复数较口语化。

如：If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait.要是有人来，让他等着3) 代词we, you, they有时可用于泛指一般人如：We [You] ought to obey the law.大家都应遵守法律物主代词物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形容词性物主代词就相当于一个形容词，在句子中只能做句子的定语，对名词进行修饰和限制；而名词性物主代词则相当于一个名词，在句子中可做主语、宾语、和表语形式如 下表：形容词性MyyourhisherItsOuryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersItsoursyourstheirs意思我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的【说明】从意义上说，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词物主代词+名词”如：Your English is better than my English. = Your English is better than mine. 你的英语比我的英语好2. 使用物主代词的易错点(1) 英汉两种语言在使用物主代词有一定差异，有时英语不用物主代词，汉语却要用，有时汉语不用物主代词，而英 语却要用。

如汉语说“把笔拿出来”，英语要说成Bring out your pen,其中的your不可省略；又如汉语说“他教我 们的数学”，其相应的英语是He teaches us maths，其中的us不可改为our2) 有时，汉语中用物主代词，而英语中却要用定冠词如：He hit her in the face. 他打在她的脸上 (其中的 the 不宜改为 her)(3) 英语中有许多习惯用语要用物主代词如：do one's best 尽力 try one's best 尽力earn one's bread 维持生活 hold one's breath 屏息eat one's words 收回前言 in one's best 穿着节日盛装【说明】有的习语用不用物主代词均可，且意义相同，如save (one's) face(挽回面子)；而有的习语用不用物主代词均可，但意义不同，如lose heart(灰心)与lose one's heart(倾心于)3.物主代词与own连用为了强调，有时可在物主代词后加上 own 一词如：Mind your own business. 别管闲事I saw it with my own eyes. 那是我亲眼看到的。

She had made her own tragedy. 她造成了自己的悲剧Her private morality is her own business. 她的个人品德是她自己的事I'm a human being. I can stand on my own feet. 我是人，我可以自立He referred his wealth to his own hard work. 他把他的致富归功于他辛勤的工作I feel that I knew about the value of my own work. 我感觉我了解我自己工作的价值说明】有可用 of one's own 置于名词后作定语如：We have no children of our own. 我们没有自己的孩子I wish I had a little lab of my own. 但愿我有自己的一间小实验室We would be glad to have money of our own. 我们愿意有自己的钱These professors had opinions of their own. 这些教授们有合己的看法。

I hope to have a room of my own. / I hope to have my own house. 我希望有自己的房子指示代词在英语中表示“这(这)，那(些)”的代词叫指示代词，它们主要包括this, these, that, those四个见下表:近指远 指单 数thisthat复 数thesethose2. 指示代词的用法注意点(1)若回指上文提到的事情，可用that或this，但要指下文叙述的事情时，则通常只用thisHe married one of his students, and this [that] was known to us all. 他娶了他的一个学生，这是大家众所周 知的事Listen to this: the man is not a professor but a cheat. 大家听着：这个人不是教授，是骗子说明】在打时，通常用this指自己，用that指对方2) that 和 those 后可接定语从句，其通常结构为 that which (二what), those who (=the people who)如: That which is beautiful is not always true. 美的东西未必真实。

Those who break the law should be punished. 违法者应该受到惩罚说明】this和these两个指示代词习惯上不接定语从句3) this和that可作程度副词，相当于so,用来修饰形容词或副词如:Is the problem that easy? 问题有那么简单吗?The fish I caught was this big. 我捕到的那条鱼有这么大4) 不要误解类似以下句子的意思：We've arranged to meet this day week. 我们安排好一星期后见面this day week意为“一周后的今天”，类似地，this day year则表示“一年后的今天”比较：six months ago tod ay 的意思是“半年前的今天”， 10 years ago today 的意思是“10 年前的今天”3. 含 this 和 that 的习语with this说完这些话that is to say 也就是说at this 一看到或听到That's all right 不用谢，没关系this and that 各式各样的this way and that 踌躇不决for all this 尽管如此this way 这样in this way 用这中方法not that 并不是说now that 既然 that is即，也，那就是that rings the bell 答对了that is it 对啦that will do 够了，行了英语代词考题专练1. Do you really believe that Mr White has blamed us for the accident, especially ?A. you and me B. I and you C. you and I D. you and we2. —Daddy, which of these smart hats do you like best in the hat shop?— . They are both expensive and less warm-keeping.A. Either B. Nothing C. Neither D. None3. At the shop, they wanted to show me all the dresses, but I was interested only in in the window.A. this B. that C. it D. the one4. His earliest plays are excellent, but his latest one is .A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing5. —Did of your parents come to attend the opening ceremony?— of them came.A. any; None B. any; Neither C. either; Neither D. either; Any6. —What can I do for you?—I'd like to buy a book, that 。